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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the differences between cortical and subcortical dementia? What type of dementia falls under cortical? What falls under subcortical? |
Cortical dementia: - Frontal Temporal Dementia - Alzheimer's disease Subcortical dementia: - All others |
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What are the 4A's and 1 E in dementia? |
Attentional deficit Amnesia Apraxia Aphasia, Anomia, Agnosia Executive dysfunction |
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What are the tools used to assess dementia? What are the tools used to assess depression? |
1. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) 2. mini-mental state examination (MMSE) 3. Clock drawing test (for parietal and pre-frontal lobe functions) 1. Geriatric Depression Scale |
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What are the risk factors of Alzheimer's dementia? |
- APO E4/E4 allele - Age >60 y/o - First degree relative with AD |
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How to assess dominant parietal lobe? |
1. Gertsmann's syndrome (finger agnosia, left/right orientation, acalculia, dysgraphia) 2. Astereoagnosia (cannot recognise object by palpation) 3. Dysgraphthaesthesia (cannot recognise numbers or letters) 4. Ideomotor apraxia 5. Wernicke or Broca's aphasia |
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How to assess non-dominant parietal lobe? |
1. Asomatognosia: cannot recognise parts of the body 2. Constructional dyspraxia: cannot copy double pentagon 3. ??? |
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How to assess temporal lobe? |
1. Language: No ifs, and, or , buts 2. visual recognition: identify pen and watch 3. semantic memory: test knowledge on landmarks/famous people 4. registration and recall of 3 objects (short-term memory) 5. assessment of visual fields |
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What are the reversible causes of dementia? |
1. Nutritional: Vit B12,B1, folate 2. Infection: Neurosyphillis 3. Cranial: SDH, Normal pressure hydrocephalus 4. Endocrine: hypothyroid/hyperparathyroid 5.Heavy metal poisoning |
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What are the medications for dementia? |
mild-moderate: cholinesterase inhibitors eg. Donezapil, Rivastigmine, Galanmantine moderate-severe: Memantine Note: Donezapil: for AD, VaD Rivatigmine: for AD, LBD Galanmantine: for AD, but expensive |
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What is the management of behavioral/personality social disorders in dementia? |
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Some useful pics |
some useful pics |
