Cyber Security (Study Opps)

Front 1

Card skimmer

Back 1

Device that reads the magnetic data from a bank card.

Front 2

Click-jacking

Back 2

An attack in which a site appears to do one thing but your clicks are actually redirected to do something else: e.g. a button on a web page that seems to be a free download of a desktop wallpaper but that actually makes you ‘like’ a different page on Facebook.

Front 3

Computer virus

Back 3

A program that is written to disrupt the normal functioning of a person’s computer without their knowledge or consent.

Front 4

Computer worm

Back 4

Malware that is able to distribute itself over a network, normally via email, without a person having run an infected program.

Front 5

Cyber-bullying

Back 5

The spreading of rumours, gossip and the general bullying of another person using digital communication methods.

Front 6

Cyber-stalking

Back 6

Using the internet to stalk or harass someone.

Front 7

Cyber-terrorism

Back 7

A type of internet attack that attacks parts of a country’s IT infrastructure.

Front 8

DoS attack

(Denial of Service)

Back 8

An attack that uses thousands of compromised computers (bots) to flood a server with requests for information. The attack is successful if the server becomes so overwhelmed that normal users cannot access the system.

Front 9

Email spoofing

Back 9

The forgery of an email header so that the email appears to be from a different origin (or person).

Front 10

Hoax (internet)

Back 10

A message or article intended to deceive or defraud others. It can be sent via email, SMS, WhatsApp messages or Facebook and Twitter posts.

Front 11

Keylogger

Back 11

A type of spyware that records your keystrokes as you type (and possibly even the movements of your mouse and screenshots of what is being displayed) in an attempt to discover your usernames and passwords.

Front 12

Malware (Malicious software)

Back 12

Any software that is written with negative intentions.

Front 13

Pharming

Back 13

A scamming practice where a user is automatically redirected to another (fake) website even if he/she types in the correct URL for the official website. The criminal is then able to use any data the user enters – usually passwords and PINs.

Front 14

Phishing

Back 14

Attempts to con or trick the user into giving out personal, confidential details such as PIN numbers and passwords, usually by posing as a legitimate organisation, and usually via email.

Front 15

Quarantine (virus)

Back 15

Placing a virus in an area of the disk where it cannot infect the computer.

Front 16

Ransomware

Back 16

Malware that encrypts data (making it unavailable) until you pay the hacker a ransom fee.

Front 17

SMiShing

Back 17

When a phishing attack is done via an SMS on a smartphone.

Front 18

Social engineering

Back 18

The use of deception to manipulate or ‘con’ someone into giving out confidential information or into giving criminals access to their computer or premises. This can be used to impersonate them, to install malware, or for other fraudulent purposes.

Front 19

Spyware

Back 19

Any technique or software that tries to monitor and track the way you use your computer, and then to report this information to a third party.

Front 20

Trojan

Back 20

A destructive program disguised as a useful application. The program relies on you to activate it.

Front 21

Zombie

Back 21

A computer that has been compromised (or infected) and can be controlled remotely when it is on and connected to the internet.