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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A/B for bacterial conjunctivitis?
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Polytrim
(Trimethroprim-polymyxin B) soln 1 gtt q 3 h for 7-10 days Polysporin Bacitracin--polymyxin B) soln 1 gtt q 3-4 h for 7-10 days More serious use quinolones (Pseudo-contact wears/ corneal ulcer) Levofloxacin (Quixin) 0.5% soln 1-2 drops q 2h x 2days, then 1or2 drops qid x 5 days Ofloxin (Ocuflox) 0.3% soln 1 or 2 drops q 2-4h x 2days, then 1or2 drops qid x 5 days Ciprofloxacin ( Ciloxan) 0.3% soln 1or 2 drops q 2h x 2days, then 1or 2 drops q 4h x 5 days |
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A/B for bacterial OE?
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Can be used with TM perforation/ tympanostomy tube
Floxin 10 drops qd or bid for 7-10 days Ciprodex (Cipro 0.3% dexamethasone 0.1%) 4 drops bid for 7-10 days Acetic acid/propylene glycol/hydrocortisone 1% (VoSol HC) 4-6 drops tid for 10 days |
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A/B for bacterial OM?
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Amox 500mg PO tid for 7-10 days
Ceftin (cefuroxime) 500 mg po bid for 7-14 days Ceftriaxone 1 g IM qd for 3 doses |
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If initial OM tx (above) fails, can use?
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Cefdinir 300 mg po bid or 600 mg po qdx 7-10 days
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If initial OM tx (above) fails & pt has beta lactam allergy, can use?
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Moxifloxacin (Avelox) 400 mg po qd x 7-10 days
Levaquin 500 mg po qd+Clindamycin 300 mg po qid x 7-10 days |
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For pt's that are immunocomprimised or have diabetes, use which a/b as primary therapy?
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Augmentin 500 mg po tid or 875 mg bid x 7-10 days
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Tx for bacterial Pharyngitis?
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Penicillin VK 250 mg po qid or 500 -1000 mg po bid x 10 days, or
Penicillin benzathine 1.2 million units IM x 1 |
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Tx for bacterial Pharyngitis if pt has PCN allergies ?
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z pack
Azithromycin 500 mg x1 followed by 250 mg x4 doses or other macrolides |
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Acute Sinusitis time interval?
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refers to sinusitis symptoms lasting less than 4 weeks. Most cases begin as a common cold. Symptoms often go away within a week to 10 days; but in some people, a bacterial infection develops.
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Chronic Sinusitis
other name? time interval? |
rhinosinusitis,
is often diagnosed when symptoms have gone on for more than 12 weeks, despite medical treatment |
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subacute bacterial sinusitis lasts b/t what time interval?
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sinusitis can last 4 to 12 weeks
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Preferred tx, then
Alternate for acute sinusitis w/o doses? |
Amoxicillin
Alt tx if allergies-Azithromycin/Bactrim/Doxy If resistance-Augmentin or Quinolone (Levo/ Avelox) |
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Preferred tx, then
Alternate for acute sinusitis w doses? |
Amoxicillin 0.5-1.5 g po tid x 10-14 days
Alt tx if allergies-Azithromycin 2 G x 1 or Azithromycin 500mg po qd x 3 days/ Bactrim DS bid po 10-14 days/ Doxy 100 mg po bid x 14 days If resistance-Quinolone (Levo/ Avelox) |
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If resistance with acute sinusitis, use which a/b w/ doses?
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Augmentin 825/125 mg po bidx 10-14 days
Levo 500 mg qd x 5-10 days Avelox 400 mg qdx 5-10 days |
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Preferred tx, then
Alternate for subacute/ chronic sinusitis w/o doses? |
Alt tx
Clindaycin 300 mg po tid x 3-6 weeks watch out for c dif Moxifloxacin (Avelox) 400 mg po qd for 3-6 weeks watch out for achilles tendon tear |
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CAP a/b tx?
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Doxy 100 mg bid po 7-10 days
Azithromycin 500 mg po qd x 3 days (Tri pak) or Azithromycin 2 g as a single dose (Zmax) |
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CAP a/b tx for pts with cormorbidities (CHF, DM, COPD, recent a/b use?
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Levo 750 mg/d po x 5 days
Moxi 400 mg qd po x 7 days then Pathogen specific a/b see below |
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For CAP with S Pneu PCN sensitive?
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Amox, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefpodoxime, Cefprozil or a macrolide until the pt has been afebrile for 3 days
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For CAP with S pneu, PCN resistant?
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Levoflox,
Moxiflox, Vancomycin (OTOTOXIC) Linezolid |
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For CAP with M Pneu/ C Pneu?
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Doxy or a macrolide for 7 days
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For CAP with Legionella?
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Azithromycin 3-5 days or a
Quinolone x 7 days |
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For CAP with H influ?
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common with Smoker/ Tobacco use
Doxy x 1-2 weeks, or Quinolone x 1-2 weeks, or 2nd/ 3rd generation cephalosporin x 1-2 weeks |
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For CAP with influenza?
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Zanamivir x 5 days
Oseltamivir x 5 days |
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For CAP with anaerobes?
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Augmentin
Unasyn Zosyn Clindamycin |
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A/B for cystitis?
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Bactrim DS po bid x 3 days
if local resistance to Bactrim < 10-20% if higher use quinolone- Cipro 250 mg po bid x 3 days Ofloxacin 200 mg po bid for 3 days Norfloxacin 400 mg po bid x 3 days Augmentin 500/125 mg po bid x 3 days cn do 7 days if longer duration needed for women with DM don't use 3 day therapy treat 7-10 days |
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For peds, typical Amox dose for OM?
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80-90 mg/kg/day
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For peds, typical Amox dose for mild to mod ENT, skin, GU infect?
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25 mg/kg/day in divided doses
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For peds, typical Amox dose for severe ENT, skin, GU infect & lower resp infect?
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45 mg/kg/day in divided doses
AMOx covers MRSA, Strep A,B,C,G, staph, gm + |
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s/s for Mono
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pharyngitis (most severe sympt) white tonsilar exudates
adenopathy/lymphadenopathy (posterior cervical region; may be diffuse) Fever splenomegaly-usually during the second week of illness, if at all) chills malaise anorexia |
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Tx for Mono
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Monospot test
CBC Supportive care Prednisone/ steroid taper for severly enlarged tonsils Contact sports should be avoided 3 weeks to months as splenic rupture may occur even without clinically detectable splenomegaly No AMPICILLIN/ AMOX |
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Def & S/S for Hordeolum?
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Hordeolum Hurts
Stye acute inflammatory, most commonly infectious process affecting the eyelid; usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus s/s: abrupt onset accompanied with pain and erythema of the eyelid localized, tender developing in the eyelid |
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Tx of Hordeolum?
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Warm compress
Topical bacitracin or erythromycin opth ointment Refer to opthalmologist if not resolved in 2 days |
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Def & S/S of Chalazion?
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PAINLESS, beady nodule on the eyelid, infection or retention cyst of a meibomian gland usually on the upper eyelid
swelling on the eyelid eyelid tenderness sensitivity to light increased tearing if very large may cause astigmatism due to pressure on the cornea |
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Tx for Chalazion
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warm compress
referral for surgical removal |
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S/S of Blepharitis?
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Red, scaly, greasy flakes
Thickened, crusted lid margins Burning Itching Tearing |
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Tx for Blepharitis?
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hot compresses
topical a/b: bacitracin or erythromycin vigourously scrub lashes and lid margins with eyes closed and follow with through rincing |
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Patho for motion sickness
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Motion sickness is a common problem in people traveling by car, train, airplanes and especially boats. Motion sickness can start suddenly, with a queasy feeling and cold sweats. It can then lead to dizziness and nausea and vomiting.
Your brain senses movement by getting signals from your inner ears, eyes, muscles and joints. When it gets signals that do not match, you can get motion sickness. For example, down below on a boat, your inner ear senses motion, but your eyes cannot tell you are moving. |
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Motion sickness can present as/ cause?
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A general feeling of being unwell (malaise).
Nausea or vomiting, or both. Headache. Cold sweating, which means you sweat even though you're not overheated. A pale appearance. Symptoms usually go away soon after the motion stops. Sometimes it can take a few days for symptoms to go away. Should go away within 3 days |
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Prevention of motion sickness/ Education for motion sickness
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When you fly, request a seat near the wings.
When you travel on a ship, try to book a cabin near the middle of the vessel and near the waterline. Move your head as little as possible. Try to keep your head still by resting it on a headrest. Head movement can increase motion sickness. When you're on a boat, try to get fresh air. When you're on the deck, look at a fixed point on the horizon. When you travel by car, avoid reading or watching TV or videos. Avoid drinking alcohol or eating a heavy meal before travel. Do not eat or drink during short trips. During an extended flight, eat small meals of foods that are easy to digest before and during a flight to help reduce nausea and vomiting. Try to avoid strong odors and spicy foods. |
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with motion sickness, r/o?
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You may have another condition that causes nausea and vomiting, such as
stomach flu or an inner ear problem |
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Tx for motion sickness
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Meclizine (Antivert) 12.5-25 mg qid or
Scopolamine (Transderm Scop) Promethazine (Promethegan) Antihistamine: dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)25-50 mg qidDo not give your child antihistamines unless your child's doctor has told you to. If the doctor tells you to give your child medicine, be sure to follow the doctor's advice on how to give it. People often try alternative methods of preventing motion sickness such as taking ginger or wearing acupressure bands. There is little scientific evidence that these methods work. Physical therapy may help people who have significant problems with motion sickness. Your physical therapist will guide you through repeated motions in a controlled situation to help your balance-sensing system adapt to motion. No large studies have been done to test this treatment. |
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Flu like symptoms
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Fever* or feeling feverish/chills
Cough Sore throat Runny or stuffy nose Muscle or body aches Headaches Fatigue (tiredness) Some people may have vomiting and diarrhea, though this is more common in children than adults. |