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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 Etiologies of stroke |
thrombosis embolism hemorrhage |
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5 risk factors for stroke |
Atherosclerosis HTN Cardiac disease Diabetes, metabolic syndrome Transient ischemic attacks--TIAs |
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After how long does irreversible brain damage happen after lack of oxygen |
4-6 min |
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Lesions to the cerebral cortex and internal capsule result in stroke of what arteries |
internal carotid anterior cerebral middle cerebral |
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What are the typical characteristics of ICA stroke |
usually results in brain herniation, coma, or death massive infarct |
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what are the typical characteristics of MCA stroke |
contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss--face and UE more affected homonymous hemianopsia dominant hemisphere L-- nonfluent aphasia nondominant hemisphere R--perceptural deficits loss of conjugate gaze to OPPOSITE SIDE |
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what are the typical characteristics of ACA stroke |
contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss LE more affected mental confusion, aphasia dominant side--contralateral neglect |
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what are the typical characteristics of PCA stroke |
contralateral sensory loss involuntary movements-tremor transient contralateral hemiparesis homonymous hemianopsia visual agnosia memory deficit dyslesxia central thalaimc pain oculomotor nerve palsy |
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what are the typical characteristics of a lacunar stroke of posterior limb? |
pure motor contralateral hemiplegia UE and LE |
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What are the typical characteristics of medial inferior pontine syndrome |
SAME SIDE: paralysis of conjugate gaze to side of lesion, nystagmus, cerebellar ataxia, diplopia OPPOSITE SIDE: hemiparesis of face, UE, LE, impaired sensation |
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what are the typical characteristics of lateral inferior pontine syndrome |
SAME SIDE: nystagmus, vertigo, facial paralysis, paralysis of conjugate gaze to side of lesion, deafness, tinnitus, ataxia, impaired sensation over face OPPOSITE SIDE: impaired pain and temperature over 50% of body |
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what is characteristic in Locked in syndrome and what artery is affected |
complete basilar artery tetreplegia, mutism, lower bulbar paralysis CN V-XII preserved consciousness and vertical eye movement can communicate with blinking only |
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what are typical characteristics in medial medullary syndrome |
SAME SIDE: paralysis of 1/2 of tongue--deviates to affected side OPPOSITE: paralysis of UE and LE, impaired tactile and proprioception |
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what are typical characteristics of lateral medullary syndrome. what is another name for this syndrome |
Wallenbergs syndrome SAME SIDE: cerebellar ataxia, vertigo, nystagmus, sensory loss to UR, trunk or LE OPPOSITE SIDE: loss of pain and temp to body and face |
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what are the 6 stages of recovery from stroke |
Stage 1: initialflaccidity, no voluntary movement Stage 2: emergenceof spasticity, hyperreflexia, synergies Stage 3: voluntarymovement possible, but only in synergy, spasticity strong Stage 4: voluntarycontrol in isolated joint movements emerging, corresponding decline ofspasticity and synergies Stage 5: increasingvoluntary control out of synergy, coordination deficits present Stage 6: control andcoordination near normal |
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gait deficits: hip |
poor hip position--retracted,flexed trendelenburg scissoring insufficient pelvic rotation during swing weak hip flexors |
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gait deficits: weak hip flexor compensatory strategies |
circumduction ER with adduction backward leaning of trunk exaggerated flexion synergy |
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gait deficits: knee |
weak knee extensors spastic quads can result in hyperextension |
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gait deficits: ankle |
foot drop equinus gait-heel does not touch down varus foot--lateral WB equinovarus |
