Cultural Geography Chapter 14

Front 1

The combination of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, in the atmosphere with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid and their return to Earth's surface.

Back 1

Acid Deposition

Front 2

Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.

Back 2

Acid Precipitation

Front 3

Solar energy systems that collect energy through the use of physical devices like photovoltaic cells or flat-plate collectors.

Back 3

Active Solar Energy Systems

Front 4

Concentration of traces substances, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and solid particles, at a greater level than occurs in average air.

Back 4

Air Pollution

Front 5

Power supplied by people or animals.

Back 5

Animate Power

Front 6

Amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste; a measure of water pollution.

Back 6

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Front 7

The number of species withing a specific habitat.

Back 7

Biodiversity

Front 8

Fuel that derives from plant material and animal waste.

Back 8

Biomass fuel

Front 9

A nuclear power plant that creates its own fuel from plutonium.

Back 9

Breeder Reactor

Front 10

A gas used as a solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers.

Back 10

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Front 11

The sustainable and management of a natural resource, through consuming it at a less rapid rate than it can be replaced.

Back 11

Conservation

Front 12

Metals, including iron that are utilized in the production of iron and steel.

Back 12

Ferrous

Front 13

The splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy.

Back 13

Fission

Front 14

Energy source formed from the residue of plants animals buried millions of years ago.

Back 14

Fossil Fuel

Front 15

Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium.

Back 15

Fusion

Front 16

Energy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks.

Back 16

Geothermal Energy

Front 17

The anticipated increase in Earth's temperature, caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by teh surface.

Back 17

Greenhouse Effect

Front 18

Power generated from moving water.

Back 18

Hydroelectric Power

Front 19

Power supplied by machines.

Back 19

Inanimate Power

Front 20

Metals utilized to make products other than iron and steel.

Back 20

Nonferrous

Front 21

A source of energy that is in finite supply and thus capable of being exhausted.

Back 21

Nonrenewable Energy

Front 22

A gas that absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation, found in the stratosphere, a zone between 15 and 50 kilometers (9 to 30 miles) above Earth's surface.

Back 22

Ozone

Front 23

Solar energy systems that collect energy without the use of mechanical devices.

Back 23

Passive Solar Energy Systems

Front 24

An atmospheric condition formed through a combination of weather conditions and pollution, especially from motor vehicle emissions.

Back 24

Photochemical Smog

Front 25

Solar energy cells, usually made from silicon, that collect solar rays to generate electricity.

Back 25

Photovoltaic Cell

Front 26

The addition of more waste than a resource can accommodate.

Back 26

Pollution

Front 27

The amount of a resource in deposits not yet identified but thought to exist.

Back 27

Potential Reserve

Front 28

The maintenance of a resource in its present condition, with as little human impact as possible.

Back 28

Preservation

Front 29

The amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits.

Back 29

Proven Reserve

Front 30

Materials from a nuclear reaction that emit radiation, contract with which may be harmful or lethal to people; therefore, the materials must be safely stored for thousands of years.

Back 30

Radioactive Waste

Front 31

The separation, collection, processing, marketing, and reuse of unwanted material.

Back 31

Recycling

Front 32

A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans.

Back 32

Renewable Energy

Front 33

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use.

Back 33

Resource

Front 34

A place to deposit solid waste, where a layer of earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emissions of gases and odors from the decaying trash, to minimize fires, and to discourage vermin.

Back 34

Sanitary Landfill

Front 35

The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development.

Back 35

Sustainable Development