Csw - Germany, Austria

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Ahr

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1 Bereiche
1 Grosslage
Red Specialist
Moderate climate
volcanic slate and basalt

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Spätburgunder

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Pinot Noir

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2 Native German reds

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Portugieser
Dornfelder

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Native German Whites

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Kerner
Sylvaner

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Dryness Definitions

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trocken - dry;pUp to 9 but no more than 2 grams above the level of acidity

halbtrocken - half dry, off dry; 9-18 but no more than 10 grams above the level of acidity

feinherb, more a marketing term, same as halbtrocken 9-18

lieblich, halbsüß - loveable, half sweet; 18-45

süß, süss, mild - sweet; 45 and over

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Grauburgunder

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Pinot Gris

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Weissburgunder

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Pinot Blanc

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Mittelrhein

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2 Bereiche, 11 Grosslagen and 111 Einzellagen

Vineyards along river N-S

Unknown outside of Germany

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Mosel

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6 Bereiche, 19 Grosslagen, and 524 Einzellagen (more than any other region).

Specializes in high-acid Riesling

Mittelmosel in the center of the region is its prime growing area

Riesling accounts for about 60% of production, with the rest either Müller-Thurgau or red varieties (approximately 10%).

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Rheingau

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1 Bereich, Johannisberg, 11 Grosslagen and 111 Einzellagen.

Favored by nature, the Rheingau is a 15-mile long stretch on the right bank of the Rhine

produces rich full-bodied Rieslings as well as some equally impressive Spätburgunders

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Nahe

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A single Bereich, Nahetal, 7 Grosslagen, and 328 Einzellagen.

White wines, led by Riesling (and followed by Müller-Thurgau and Silvaner), account for three-quarters of production.

Red Nahe wines include Dornfelder, Portugieser and Spätburgunder.

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Wine Regions of Germany

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Ahr

Mittelrhein

Mosel

Rheingau

Nahe

Rheinhessen

Pfalz

Franken

Hessische-Bergstrasse

Württemburg

Baden

Saale-Unstrut; Sachsen

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Rheinhessen

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Three Bereiche, 24 Grosslagen, and 434 Einzellagen.

Most acreage under vine

On the Rhine (radiates south and east of the city of Mainz)

“land of the thousand hills”

climate is warm and largely dry

Mostly white, particularly from Müller-Thurgau, Riesling, and Silvaner

Home of Liebfraumilch

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Pfalz

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2 Bereiche, 25 Grosslagen and 325 Einzellagen

Southern border of Pfalz looks at the French wine region of Alsace

2nd largest German wine producing region (after Rheinhessen)

Sunniest and warmest of all Anbaugebiete

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Franken

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3 Bereiche, 23 Grosslagen, and 216 Einzellagen.

Main River around the Franconian capital of Würzburg

mineral-rich, and most Franconian wines are white and dry

Müller-Thurgau is the leading grape, Franken has a reputation for producing the best Silvaner in the world.

Red grapes account for only 20% of acreage, their leader being Spätburgunder.

Much of Franken’s wine is consumed locally

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Hessische-Bergstrasse

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2 Bereiche, 3 Grosslagen, and 23 Einzellagen.

German state of Hesse within the Odenwald mountains

Smallest Anbaugebiete

fertile loess and sand with scattered outcroppings of granite.

Riesling, at nearly 50% of production, vinified both dry and used for Eiswein.

Red Spätburgunder is the number two grape and accounts for about 10% of production.

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Württemburg

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6 Bereiche, 17 Grosslagen, and 207 Einzellagen.

Most humid wine region and one of its most southerly,

Largest red wine producing area

Riesling 20% of production

Trollinger, with Schwarzriesling, and Lemberger are the prime specialties.

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Baden

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9 Bereiche, 15 Grosslagen, and 315 Einzellagen

largest German wine region in terms of area. 3rd most under vine.

Müller-Thurgau leads Baden grape production, but the region is also known for the red Spätburgunder, and particularly for the rosé called Spätburgunder Weissherbst.

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Germany adjusts to these climate challenges by:

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Concentrating its vineyards in the southwestern part of the country.

Favoring vineyard sites along rivers and other bodies of water.

Locating vineyards on south facing slopes.

Producing grapes suitable for cool climate winemaking.

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German Wine Laws - Geographic Indications

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Deutscherwein

Deutscher Landwein

Anbaugebiet - Wine Region

Beireich - District - Like AVA

Grosslage - Vineyard group

Einzellage - Vineyard

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The 13 Anbaugebiete

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Ahr
Mittelrhein
Mosel
Rheingau
Nahe
Rheinhessen
Pfalz
Franken
Hessische-Bergstrasse
Würtemberg
Baden
Saale-Unstrut
Sachsen

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Sachsen

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Sachsen 3 Bereiche, 4 Grosslagen, and 37 Einzellagen
Sachsen has 2 Bereiche, 4 Grosslagen, and 23 Einzellagen

Harsh climate - wines rarely even achieving Spätlese level

Müller-Thurgau, Silvaner and Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) account for most plantings

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Erzeugerabfüllung

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Producer bottled

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Gutsabfüllung

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Estate bottled

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What levels is Chaptalization allowed in?

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Deutscherwein

Deutscher Landwein

Qualitätswein bestimmte Anbaugebiete, QbA

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EU new designations

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Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)

Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)

Wine

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Austrian wine states

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Niederösterreich (Lower Austria), bordering the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Burgenland, bordering Hungary

Steiermark (Stryia), bordering Slovenia

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Austrian climate

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Continental

Similar to Baden

Drier wines with higher alcohol levels than Germany

Front 29

Austrian Wine Scandal

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Some producers caught adding diethylene glycol to their wines in order to give them greater viscosity and body.

Sales plummeted but laws tightened.

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7 DAC Regions

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Weinviertel for Grüner Veltliner

Mittelburgenland for the red Blaufränkisch

Traisental, Kremstal, and Kampstal for both Riesling and Grüner Veltliner

Leithaberg for Blaufränkisch and the white grapes Grüner Veltliner, Pinot Blanc, Neuberger, and Chardonnay

Eisenberg for Blaufränkisch

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Austrian quality levels based on Klosterneuberger Mostwaage (KMW)

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Tafelwein - Wine

Landwein - PGI

Qualitätswein - PDO (QbA in Germany)

Pradikätswein - PDO (QmP in Germany)

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Ausbruch

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Produced by co-fermenting must from botrytized grapes with that of non-botrytized grapes.

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Austrian ripeness tiers

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Kabinett wines are classified as Qualitätswein (may not be Chaptalized)

Spätlese (similar to Germany)

Auslese (similar to Germany)

Beerenauslese (similar to Germany)

Eiswein and Strohwein (a dried grape wine), both at same must weights as Beerenauslese
Ausbruch

Trockenbeerenauselse (similar to Germany)

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Red Grapes of Austria

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St. Laurent - a member of the Pinot family, slightly more tannic than Pinot Noir, producing medium-bodied wines with cherry and berry flavors.

Blauer Portugieser or Portugieser produces fruity, low acid, low alcohol, light-bodied wines.

Blaufrankisch - also called Lemberger and Kekfrankos, creates full-bodied, high acid tannic wines with dark berry and spice flavors.

Blauer Zweigelt or Zweigelt is a cross between St. Laurent and Blaufränkisch, bringing medium body with cherry and spice aromatics.

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White grapes of Austria

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Grüner Veltliner accounts for one-third of Austria’s vines. Indigenous to Austria (and virtually unknown in Germany), this grape produces spicy white wines with firm acidity.

Welschriesling ,which is not a true Riesling, makes high acid, fragrant, highly perfumed white wines.

Weissburgunder is a synonym for Pinot Blanc./p>

Müller-Thurgau produces low-acid wines of no great distinction, as in Germany.

Riesling is used to produce both dry and sweet wines.

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Austrian dryness levels

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Trocken - Dry up to .9% provided that the total acidity is no more than .2% less than the residual sugar content

Extra Trocken - Extra Dry .4%

Halbtrocken - Semi Dry 1.2%

Lieblich - "Charming" 4.5%

Süss - Sweet >4.5%

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Niederösterreich - sub-regions

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Kremstal (DAC) - cool and humid breezes. Grüner Veltliner and Riesling lead this region’s wines, with some Weissburgunder and a few red wines.

Kamptal (DAC) - Grüner Veltliner and Riesling in a classic, medium-bodied style as well as a richer dry reserve style.

Wagram

Carnuntum - Grüner Veltliner, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Gris.

Wachau - region has its own individual wine classifications based on their alcohol content. Steinfeder wines contain up to 11.5% alcohol, Federspiel 11.5% to 12.5%, and late harvest (yet dry) Smaragd 12% and above.

Traisental

Weinviertel (DAC) - largest wine growing district in Austria. Over half of all Grüner Veltliner plantings

Thermenregion

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Burgenland - sub-regions

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* Neusiedlersee both red and white, Welchsriesling produces full-bodied Spätlese and Auslese wines with residual sugar, as well as fully sweet wines. Zweigelt is the leading red.

* Neusiedlersee-Hügelland - mists rising from the lake promote botrytis, resulting in ideal conditions to produce Austria’s unique sweet Ausbruch wines. Whites: Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc), Chardonnay, Neuburger and Grüner Veltliner are the major white wines. Red Leithaberg DAC within the region produces distinct red wines mostly from Blaufränkisch.

* Mittelburgenland - south of the Neusiedlersee, including Mittelburgenland DAC, is a red wine specialist led by Blaufränkisch.

* Südburgenland - produces Blaufränkisch, Zweigelt and Welschriesling. Eisenberg DAC and Eisenberg DAC Reserve are highly regarded Blaufränkisch-only wines The Eisenberg DAC should have little to no oaky notes. The reserve may exhibit oak aromas.

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Steiermark - sub-regions

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* Südoststeiermark - spicy Traminer wines produced on volcanic soils on small, family-owned farms.

* Südsteiermark - Styria’s largest wine district, produces aromatic Sauvignon Blanc as well as Welchsriesling and Chardonnay.

* Weststeiermark - the racy Schilcher rosé made from its local Blauer Wildbacher grape. The area also produces sparkling wines as well as fairly tannic reds.

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Wien

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Vienna - “heurige”: both a new wine and the establishment in which one consumes the wine (with appropriate food and conviviality).

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Bergwein (mountain wine)

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a specialized tafelwein type wine from grapes grown on steep slopes of at least 26 degree grade.