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235 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Life Cycle Stage - Project Conception Activities |
Feasibility Study Programming Site Analysis Site Selection |
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Life Cycle Stage - Project Conception Owner Documents |
Program Budget Schedule |
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Life Cycle Stage - Project Conception A/E Documents |
Reports Analysis Recommendations |
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What is included in Site Studies? |
Environmental Issues Hazardous Materials Land Use Restrictions Subsurface Conditions Archeological Surveys Foreign Governments Surrounding Conditions |
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What is included in Community Impact Studies? |
Operations Relocation Environmental Impact Public Facilities and Utilities Impact Economic Impact |
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What is included in Financial Studies? |
Owner's financial condition Life cycle cost value of existing facilities Available Funding Timing |
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What are the four considerations the need to be identified in Problem Seeking? |
Function Form Economy Time |
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What are the 5 consecutive steps to programming progress? |
Establish goals Collect and analyze facts Uncover and test concepts Determine Needs State the problem |
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Who preforms Due Diligence Investigations? |
The owner, independently or in consultation with a development consultant |
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When should due diligence investigations take place? |
They should begin as soon as the property is identified and before the owner is contractually bound to purchase or lease the property. |
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What is included in the Facility Performance Criteria? |
Amenity Comfort Health Safety Structure Durability Operational Maintenance |
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What is included in the Project Budget? |
Includes projections of all the the costs associated with the entire project. |
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T/F: The Project Budget may consider initial construction cost only or may include projected cost of operation. |
True |
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What accounts for the biggest portion of the project budget? |
Construction Budget |
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What is included in the Construction Budget? |
Cost of bonds Insurance Products and systems Labor |
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T/F: Construction Budget for labor includes only the labor in construct the facility? |
False. Construction Budget for labor includes the labor in construct the facility and to verify and administer the construction process (e.g. materials testing and inspection) |
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What is a Gantt Chart? |
The simplest form of the schedule which is a type of bar chart. |
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What is the Critical Path Method Schedule? |
Determines activities that are dependent on each other and the longest path for completion of those activities. |
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Project Conception is characterized by the following activities: |
Due diligence investigations Site selection Facility programming Facility performance criteria Anticipating the cost of the work Setting the project schedule |
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If programming is problem seeking then what is problem solving? |
Design |
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Soft costs include: |
Due diligence studies Project design fees Commissioning |
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Hard costs include: |
Site-related costs Construction Furniture / Furnishings Equipment |
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What is BEES? |
A model for evaluating environmentally preferable building products |
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Who implemented BEES? |
National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) (Branch of the US Department of Commerce |
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What does BEES stand for? |
Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability |
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Who administers the Energy Star Program? |
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) |
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What does the Energy Star Program do? |
Individual building products are rated for compliance with sustainability criteria |
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T/F: The USGBC is a public corporation |
False. The USGBC (US Green Building Council) is a private corporation |
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The USGBC developed what program? |
The USGBC developed LEED |
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What does LEED stand for? |
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design |
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What does LEED do? |
LEED certifies the sustainability of new, remodeled, or existing facilities based on their compliance with USGBC criteria |
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At what levels does sustainable design take place? |
Sustainable design takes place at the product and facility level. |
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T/F: Topographical surveys are a soft cost |
False. Topographical surveys are a hard cost. |
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Which activity is not associated with the project conception stage: A. Predesign B. Planning C. Commissioning D. Programming |
C. Commissioning is not associated with the project conception stage: |
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T/F: Zoning is an example of a land development regulation |
True: Zoning is an example of a land development regulation |
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TheDesign Stage includes all of the following EXCEPT: a.Review of owner's program, schedule and budget b. Design Development c. Schematic Design d. Project Conception |
d.Project Conception Project conceptionactivities occur prior to the start of the Design Stage. |
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Whichof the following is the proper sequence for an Addendum as illustrated in thePDPG? a.Changes to Procurement Requirements, changes to previous Addenda, Changes toConditions of the Contract, changes to the Agreement. b. Changes to previous Addenda, changes to Procurement Requirements, changes toAgreements and other contract forms,changes to specifications anddrawings c. Changes to Specifications, changes to Drawings, changes to previous Addenda. d. Contract documents, changes to specifications |
b.Changes to previous Addenda, changes to Procurement Requirements, changes toAgreements and other contract forms, changes to specifications and drawings Following changes to previous Addenda, the addendum format follows the order ofthe documents of the Project Manual as spelled out in MasterFormat. |
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Thefollowing are true of reference standards, EXCEPT: a.May be relied upon by the specifier to describe quality of work b. Are consensus documents developed by various industry committees c. Are frequently incorporated in code requirements d. Are included in specifications to avoid having to reproduce lengthyrequirements |
a.May be relied upon by the specifier to describe quality of work As consensusdocuments, reference standards generally refer to minimum standards, whileproject quality may require higher standards. The specifier must know thestandard content and supplement with additional requirements when appropriate. |
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Theparties to an owner/design-builder contract are: a.The Owner, the designer, and the builder. b. The Owner, the Architect, and the Contractor c. The Owner and the construction manager d. The Owner and the design-builder |
d.The owner and the design-builder Thesingle entity providing both design and construction services is theidentifying characteristic of design-build contracts |
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Themood that is recommended for specifications is: a.The imperative mood b. The indicative mood c. The symbolic mood d. The conflicting mood |
a.The imperative mood It's the most clear,correct, complete, and concise construction for English grammatical sentences. |
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Allof the following are AIA Instruments of Change EXCEPT: a.Change Order b. Architect's Supplemental Instruction c. Field Order d. Construction Change Directive |
c.Field Order Theterm "Field Order" is not used under AIA contracts, but is used inthe EJCDCfamily of documents as well as in common usage in the industry. |
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Allof the following may be accomplished through issuing of a Change Order EXCEPT: a.Decrease in Contract Sum b. Extension of Contract Time c. Change in Bid Date d. Reduction in scope of work |
c.Change in Bid Date Change Orders aremodifications to the contract issued after the Agreement is executed. Addendarather than Change Orders are used to modify procurement documents. The BidDate is information included in the procurement documents, as it is informationneeded for bidding, but not for construction. |
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OutlineSpecifications aid in the design process for all of the following EXCEPT: a.revising cost estimates, schedules b. value engineering studies c. checklist for selecting products d. serving as the basis for subcontracts in fast track construction |
d.serving as the basis for subcontracts in fast track construction Outline specifications typically do not contain QA and QC requirements orproject administration provisions, therefore are not intended to serve as thebasis for contracts or subcontracts |
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Asa result of the widely held misconception that a contractor's responsibilityfor defective work lasts only for the one-year guaranty period: a. theSupplementary Conditions should state that the period last a specificadditional length of time. b. EJCDC and AIA documents state "correction period" instead ofguaranty period. c. the owner accepts any repairs after that date. d. the courts relieve the contractor of his responsibility. |
b.EJCDC and AIA documents state "correction period" instead of guarantyperiod.Whenyou read the Warranty paragraph in the A201 (3.5.1), you will notice there isno mention of a time period - the obligation is limited only by the state'sapplicable statute of limitations. The correction period clause (12.2.2.1)establishes the contractor's general obligation under the Contract forcorrecting all non-conforming work discovered within a year of SubstantialCompletion. Note that many facility owners' custom contracts fail to adequatelyaddress this issue. |
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Anaffirmation of fact or promise made by the seller to the buyer that relates tothe goods and becomes a part of the basis of the bargain creates a.an implied warranty b. a full warranty c. an express warranty d. a guarantee |
c.an express warranty Anexpress warranty is one that is stated verbally or in print. Read thedefinitions and compare to the definition of an "implied warranty."The terms in this section are important to specifications practice and arefrequently misunderstood. |
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Tobe effective in communicating, specifications should be: a. Complete, concise,and clear b. Concise, clear, and correct c. Clear, concise, correct, and complete d. Concise, correct, coordinated, and complete |
c.Clear, correct, complete, and concise The"Four Cs" of specification writing are one of the CSI foundations.You can sometimes hear old specifiers reciting them, prayer-like. |
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Aninformation organizing framework for the A/E/C industry that assigns builtenvironment data into 15 discrete, coordinated tables to facilitate theorganization of project information and databases is known as: a. Industry foundationclasses (IFCs) b. OmniClass c. Building Information Model (BIM) d. Building Information Management (BIM) |
b.OmniClass CSIhas been responsible for the development of OmniClass, which is finding increasedapplication in organizing information within BIM. |
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Whichof the following should be avoided in a specification? a.Articles (the, an, a) b. Symbols (#, $, &, ") c. Abbreviations (conc., ptwd, aess) d. All of the above |
d.All of the above |
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Substitutionrequirements and procedures during bidding a.Are not allowed under most public bidding statutes b. Are modified by the Supplementary Conditions c. Are stated in the instructions to bidders d. Provide for requests by telephone |
c.Are governed by the instructions to bidders Substitutionrequests during bidding are governed by the instructions to bidders.Substitution requests following award, if allowed at all, will change thecontent of the contract, and may have different procedures and restrictionsspelled out in Division 01. |
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Thedollar amounts of cash allowances are: a. Inthe Instructions to Bidders b. On the Bid Form c. In Division 01 d. In the specification sections of Division 02 through 49 that specifythe product installation |
c.In Division 01 To avoid duplicationand possible contradiction, the single place the actual dollar amounts aregiven are in Division 01 Section "Allowances." All other documents,including the bid form, refer to that location.Some AEs prefer to haveallowance amounts incorporated in the bid form; great care must be taken to ensurethat this does not introduce a conflict within the documents. |
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Analternate becomes part of the contract documents: a. When the bidsare opened b. When owner makes his or her decision to accept c. On A/E's recommendation d. When stipulated in the Owner/Contractor Agreement. |
d. When stipulated in the Owner/Contractor Agreement The Agreement indicates alternate(s) that are accepted. The contract sum given in the Agreement reflects the base bid plus the selected alternate(s). On certain occasions, alternates may be accepted after award and the contract sum (and possibly contract time) modified by change order. |
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Whichof the following is NOT defined as a contract modification by the PDPG? a. ChangeOrder b. Construction Change Directive/ Work Change Directive c. Addendum d. Architect's Supplemental Instruction/Field Order |
c.Addendum Addenda modify the procurement documents which consist of both bidding andcontracting documents and are issued prior to the existence of the executedconstruction contract.. Relevant portions of the Addenda are incorporatedin the original contract via the Agreement. A, B, and D are all documents thatserve to modify the construction contract. |
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Thefollowing are TRUE about closed proprietary specifications EXCEPT: a. Manufacturerand product brand names or unique characteristics are used in thespecifications. b. Several products may be named as options. c. The A/E must coordinate the named product with other specificationrequirements. d. Other products are allowed as substitutions upon approval of the owner. |
d.Other products are allowed as substitutions upon approval of the owner. Closed proprietary specifications by definition do not allow substitutions ofunnamed manufacturers/products. |
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Useof master guide specifications: a. Reliesupon the quality of their update process b. Requires knowledge of the conditions of the contract for which theywere prepared c. Maybe based upon a commercially-produced specification library d. Requires practice knowledge in order to properly create projectspecifications e. Allof the above |
e. Allof the above In-house AE firm master specifications and commercial master guidespecifications are the two most common sources for project specifications;in-house masters are frequently built upon commercial master guidespecifications such as MasterSpec©, BSD SpecLink©, or SpecText©. |
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Sincehe or she is most familiar with a product, the manufacturer's representativeshould: a.Write the specification section. b. Review the specification section. c. Supply information to the specification writer. d. Not be consulted in order to avoid a conflict of interest. |
c.Supply information to the specification writer. The product representative is a valuable information source. They can supplyinformation that could take hours to obtain elsewhere. They can help A/Es avoiderrors in bid documents. However, their job is to sell products of theirmanufacturer. The specification writer must prepare a specification section ina way that treats other manufacturers fairly and are properly coordinated withthe other bid documents. |
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Inthe specifications, the stated requirements address: a.The owner's responsibilities b. The contractor's responsibilities c. The subcontractor's responsibilities d. The architect's responsibilities e. All of the above |
b.The contractor's responsibilities The owner and the contractor are the sole parties to the contract. Therequirements of the specifications address the contractor. Other statementsregarding owner and architect activities serve as information only. |
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Whenoutside consultants are responsible for the production of major portions of theproject specifications: a. Onedesign team member should be responsible for overall specification coordination b. Different document formats should be used to identify the work of theseparate consultants c. The lead design professional should avoid the liability inherent inreviewing consultants' work d. Information should be collected and the project A/E assumeresponsibility for preparing each section |
a. One design team member should beresponsible for overall coordination The project manual is the work of an entire team, but it is a unified documentand must have one experienced individual reading and coordinating all content.This means no "consultants will just email their sections directly to theprint house." |
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Contractualclauses in the Conditions of the Contract: a. Havepriority over Division 01 b. Are superseded by Division 01 c. Are expanded upon by the provisions of Division 01 d. Are independent, and Division 01 provisions have no effect |
c. Areexpanded upon by the provisions of Division 01 Thekey word is "expanded." Division 01 General Requirements aredetailed. They address administrative and procedural level issues. TheConditions of the Contract say: "Do this." The General Requirementssay: "Do it like this." And don't forget the concept of"complementary documents." No provisions have priority over, aresuperseded by, or are independent of, other provisions in the contractdocuments - they are "complementary." |
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Submittalrequirements for Facility Services Divisions 21 through 28 are specified in: a. Thefirst section in each respective division b. Supplementary Conditions c. Division 01 Section "Submittal Procedures" d. Section 01 12 00 Summary of Multiple Contracts |
c.Division 01 Section "Submittal Procedures" Division 01 General Requirements apply to specifications sections of alldisciplines. Requirements applicable only to individual sections are specifiedin the applicable section. All design disciplines must have input into editingkey Division 01 sections. |
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Marked-upor corrected contract drawings that indicate changes incorporated in the Workare: a. Contractforms b. Closeoutsubmittals c. Recorddrawings d. As-builts e. Notrequired for private work |
c.Record drawings These drawings incorporate all issued modifications and significant field changesin scope. The term "as-builts" is discouraged, as we are often unableto certify the accuracy of actual installations and field-recorded information. |
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Which of the following would be included in Available Information? a. Bid security requirements b. Environmental Impact Statement c. Time of completion to construct the project d. Description of the Work Review: PDPG 11.4.5 |
b.Environmental Impact Statement AvailableInformation is the place to provide reference information such as this thatdoesn't belong in the contract. Bid security info? In the Instructions forProcurement. Time of Completion? It's contractual - where would you put it?Description of Work? Name the Division 01 section where that belongs. |
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Instructionsfor Procurement: a. Areused only on private projects b. Frequentlyare standard industry forms c. Mayinclude the geotechnical report as an attachment d. Arebinding upon the Contractor Review: PDPG11.4.4 |
b.Frequently are standard industry forms BothAIA and EJCDC offer standard printed Instructions to Bidders forms. Ifnecessary, a Supplementary Instructions to Bidders can customize theInstructions to suit special project conditions. Did you notice? ThePDPG uses the term "Instructions for Procurement" as an umbrella termfor both bid and negotiated projects. MasterFormat lists both terms:Instructions for Procurement, and the more specific documents Instructions toBidders or Instructions to Proposers. |
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Aunit price contract or contract portion is used when: a. Extentof work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantities cannot beaccurately calculated. b. Extentof work is known, but the owner desires a break-out cost for portions of thework. c. Itis anticipated that bidders will not examine soil bearing reports prior tosubmitting bid. d. Biddingquantities of equipment. Review:PDPG 7.1.6.2 |
a.Extent of work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantities cannot beaccurately calculated. Use of unit prices,allowances and alternates should always be limited to those items required foraccurate bidding, in order to keep bidding documents and processes as simple aspossible |
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Thecontractual relationship governed by the Conditions of the Contract is between: a.Owner and contractor b.Architect/engineer and contractor c.Owner and Subcontractors d.Owner, contractor, and architect/engineer Review: PDPG5.5 and 11.3.9 |
a.Owner and contractor The owner and thecontractor are the parties to the construction contract, hence they are subjectto the Conditions of the Contract. Yes, the duties of the architect aredescribed in the Conditions of the Contract, but they are governed by theseparate Owner/Architect or Owner/Engineer Agreement. |
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Anexample of a MasterFormat Level 3 specification section is: a. 0500 00 Metals b. 0520 00 Metal Joists c. 0521 00 Steel Joist Framing d. 0521 19 Open Web Steel Joist Framing Review: PDPG11.3.7.3 and MasterFormat Introduction and Applications Guide |
d.05 21 19 Open Web Steel Joist Framing The MasterFormat numbering system is described in the PDPG section cited aboveand in the introductory pages in the MasterFormat document; understanding ofthe Levels concept used in applying MasterFormat is a valuable tool forspecifiers. |
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Thegeneral contract clauses that establish payment responsibilities are found in: a. GeneralConditions b. Division01 General Requirements c. Paymentbond d.Addenda Review: PDPG11.5.4.2, AIA A201, EJCDC C-700 |
a.General Conditions Note the key terms "general" and "contract clauses" in thequestion. The general conditions contain the basic contract clauses that spellout the rights and responsibilities of the parties to the constructioncontract. |
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Whenis the CSI/CSC UniFormat most often used? a. Duringproject conception and schematic design b. Inthe procurement stage c. Inthe facility management phase d.Throughout the project life cycle, to organize information by materials andmethods Review: PDPG9.3.2 |
a.During project conception and schematic design. UniFormat is particularly useful for early cost estimating, for filinginformation, organizing preliminary project descriptions, and filing detaildrawings.It is finding new uses as a means of organizing assembly informationwithin BIM models. |
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TheDesign stage of a project includes all of the following EXCEPT: a.Design development b.Schematic design c.Feasibility studies d.Outline specifications Review:PDPG 3.4.1, 3.4.3 |
c. FeasibilityStudies Feasibility studies are an important part of the project conception stagerather than the design stage. |
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Allof the following could be Articles in Part 1 of a specification EXCEPT: a.References b.Action Submittals c.Source Quality Control d.Measurement and Payment |
c.Source Quality Control Anexample of Source Quality Control is the special inspection for structuralsteel fabricators required under model building codes. This is specified inPart 2 - Products. The inspection of the jobsite installation of steel will bespecified under the article Field Quality Control in Part 3 - Execution. |
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Inthe CSI CDT program, construction document production is defined to be all ofthe following EXCEPT: a.A separately-defined activity and phase that commences once design decisionshave been made b. A process integral to the design phase of a project c. A component of the input into, and reporting out of, a BIM model d. An ongoing effort by many entities reflecting the collaboration andfast track delivery typical of modern construction projects |
b. Aprocess integral to the design phase of a project Whilethe AIA, AGC, and EJCDC all define construction document production as part ofa design phase, CSI draws a distinction between design and constructiondocumentation. Makesure you do your reading from up to date CDT resources. This answer isdifferent from what the previous resource, the Project Resource Manual (PRM)says. The PRM material has been rapidly overtaken by industry practicesassociated with design-build, IPD, and BIM. We're adjusting our study materialsto reflect this change. |
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Thenationally-recognized California AIA "Integrated Project DeliveryGuide" redefines the stages of a project to include which of thefollowing: a.Conceptualization b. Criteria Design c. Detailed Design d. Implementation Document e. Allof the above Review:PDPG 3.3 |
e. Allof the above Phases also includeAgency Coordination, Buyout, Construction/Construction Contract Administration,and Closeout. This evolution from the more typical project stage frameworkintegrates the commissioning process (commencing under Criteria Design) andrealistically provides for multi-party collaboration that is part of IPD. |
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Thegoal of the project is defined by the PDPG as: a.Completion of the construction project on time and on budget b. The delivery of the facility to the owner c. Maximizing the benefit to the owner and the community d. Creating a facility with the lowest possible embedded energy Review: PDPG 1.5 |
b.The delivery of the facility to the owner Theremay be many secondary objectives and goals embedded in the design andconstruction of a facility, but delivery to the owner is the primary goal andis what shapes the contract environment in which the construction takes place. Note the comment from11.1.1: "IPD ... differs from all the other delivery methods andrestructures the process." |
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Whichof the following is not included in the quoted description of benefits that BIMbrings to the design and construction process? a.Opportunity for increased evaluation of design options b. Building components conflict identification and resolution c. Automated product characteristic/specification content coordination d. BIM-driven product delivery scheduling Review: PDPG 7.7.2 |
c- Automated product characteristic/specification content coordination While some softwares are available that enable specificationsection selection and key product selection within or linked to BIM databases,coordination of BIM model object content and specification document content isnot part of BIM software capabilities - there are no pushbutton specs! |
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Thegoal of the ASTM sustainability standards, the EPA Energy Star program, and theNIST BEES program is to: a.Serve as the basis for the development of national model code regulation of theuse of building products b. Provide a rational assessment of the environmental impact of buildingproducts c. Promote emerging green building product businesses d. Simplify building design practices |
b.Provide a rational assessment of the environmental impact of building products National sustainablemodel codes are developing, but the goal of these programs is clearly stated inthe PDPG; other results such as the emergence of green building productbusinesses have been a secondary result of these technical undertakings. |
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Accordingto the BEES model, life cycle analysis (LCA) is characterized by all of thefollowing EXCEPT: a.Questions regarding the materials and impacts related to the six stages of theproduct life cycle b. Estimates of the cumulative environmental impacts resulting from all stagesof a product life cycle over a 50-year period c. Support for selection of products with the lowest total environmental impact d. Market analysis of demand for sustainable products |
d.Market analysis of demand for sustainable products Market analysis ofdemand is a separate discipline outside of the questions related toenvironmental life cycle analysis. It's interesting, and necessary, but onlyindirectly related to LCA. |
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Thefollowing are TRUE concerning CSI's GreenFormat online product data resourceEXCEPT: a.CSI validates and certifies information contained in GreenFormat. b. GreenFormat product information is organized by MasterFormat numbers. c. Information in GreenFormat supports specifying by proprietary, referencestandard, performance, and descriptive methods. d. The Product Lifecycle category provides information on product Life CycleAnalysis, Material Extraction and Transportation, Manufacturing, and FacilityOperations. e. Manufacturers provide a technical contact for followup questions fromGreenFormat users. |
a. CSIvalidates and certifies information contained in GreenFormat Validation of theinformation in GreenFormat is by the manufacturer, not CSI, for practicalreasons. However, GreenFormat goes a long way to establish standards forquality of information regarding the sustainable characteristics of buildingproducts. |
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Whichof the following is TRUE concerning application of integrated project delivery? a.Collaborative team effort reduces planning and design expenses. b. Determination of liability for decisions is generally made by the teamleader in order to reduce arbitration expenses. c. Technologies such as data exchange protocols evolve on a phase-by-phasebasis. d. Team culture based upon problem resolution rather than determination ofliability. |
d.Team culture based upon problem resolution rather than determination ofliability. IPDtakes increased planning effort and expense, change in practice habitsincluding risk management, early agreement on use of technology, and theability to play multiple roles. Mutual efforts toward risk management andassignment of responsibility, as well as emphasis on collaborative action,seeks to minimize the isolation of risk and associated damage claims. |
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Experiencedowners may require project teams to utilize integrated project delivery basedupon: a.Previous negative experience with adversarial project team relationships b. Desire for reduction in project claims and disputes c. Desire to utilize collaboratively-produced BIM as a facilities managementasset d. Expectation of benefit from innovation stemming from collaborative effort e. All of the above |
e.All of the above Collaboration involves a change in project teamhabits. More intensive planning requires dedication of owner resources. Ownerswilling to work and to contract for services in new ways are finding highpayoffs in terms of technology utilization and lower ultimate constructioncosts. |
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Integrated projects are distinguished by all of thefollowing characteristics EXCEPT: a. Trust-based collaboration betweenproject team members b. Maximized efficiency through design, fabrication, and construction c. "Just as needed" team involvement to reduce owner'spre-construction expenses d. Compensation structures supporting early engagement of team members indesign and project planning e. Development of virtual project model through input from a collaborative team |
c. "Just as needed" team involvement to reduceowner's pre-construction expenses Traditional project management keeps team members out ofcollaborative effort as long as possible in order to reduce planning and designfees. IPD reverses this philosophy, on the grounds that increased teaminvolvement leads to innovation, reduced construction cost, and improved teamcommunication. |
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How many classification tables are in OmniClass? |
15 |
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What is OmniClass? |
A multi-table system for organizing information used by the architectural engineering and construction industry. |
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What is Uniformat? |
A uniform classification system for organizing construction information based on the ELEMENTS of a facility (Systems and Assemblies) |
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How many categories are in Uniformat? |
8. (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, Z) |
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What is Masterformat? |
An organizational structure providing numbers and titles for the variety of subject matter necessary for the CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION and MAINTENANCE of FACILITY. |
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How many divisions are in Masterformat?
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50 |
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What is a specification? |
A precise statement that describing the characteristics of a particular item that complements the drawings. |
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How must specification language be? |
Clear Concise Correct Complete |
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QA (Quality Assurance) |
Happens during construction |
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QC (Quality Control) |
Happens after |
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What is in Division 1, AKA General Requirements? |
Regulatory requirements Project management and coordination Submittal procedures QA and QC Substitution procedures Commissioning |
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What considerations must the A/E keep in mind during specification development? |
Economic implications Work results structure Industry conditions and product availability |
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How is SectionFormat layed out? |
Part 1 - General
Part 2 - Products Part 3 - Execution |
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Where are porta-potties referenced? |
Division 1, 01 50 00 Temporary facilities |
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Are Procurement Requirements usually part of the contract documents? |
No |
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What should be in the Procurement Documents? |
Document acquisition and cost Bid security requirements Bid opening dates |
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Are Parts 2 and 3 of SectionFormat used in Division 1? |
No, Only Part 1. |
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Where are the constants contained in? |
General conditions
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Conditions of the contract |
Are inherent part of the Agreement With the Agreement govern the content of the entire contract |
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Divisions 02-19 |
Facility Construction Subgroup |
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Divisions 20-29 |
Facility Services Subgroup |
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Divisions 30-39 |
Site and Infrastructure Subgroup |
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Divisions 40-49 |
Process Equipment Subgroup |
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What's part of the PROJECT MANUAL? |
Procurement Requirements Contracting Requirements Specifications |
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What in the Contract Documents? |
Everything but Procurement Requirements and Resource Drawings |
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What is PageFormat? |
How information is presented on a specification page in SectionFormat |
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4 Methods of specifying |
Descriptive Performance Reference Standard Proprietary |
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Descriptive specifying |
Specifies properties without using proprietary names |
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Performance specifying |
Specifies the required results and method to verify. Contractor can choose materials |
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Proprietary specifying |
Specifies brand names, model numbers |
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Reference standard specifying |
Uses recognized product and material standards rather than individually written product or installation criteria |
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What are the 4 C's? |
Clear Concise Correct Complete |
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What is a good writing style characterized by?
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Accuracy
Brevity Clarity |
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Imperative or Indicative method? |
IMPERATIVE (Spread adhesive with notched trowel) |
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What should be avoided when writing specifications? |
Abbreviations Symbols |
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To whom are the specifications directed? |
The contractor
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What are General Requirements? |
Division 01 |
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GreenFormat? |
Provides basic information to help meet green requirements. |
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What do Contract Drawings represent? |
The work of the project |
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What do Resource Drawings represent? |
Existing conditions or new construction related to the work, but not included in the contract. |
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Drawings |
Graphic and textual information organized on a two-dimensional surface for the purpose of conveying data about a particular portion of the project. |
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2 types of views |
Scaled
Non-Scaled |
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Scaled views |
Include orientation in the horizontal and vertical planes and vertical cuts through the project. Drawn to scale (1:100 or 1/8 inches = 12 inches) |
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Non-scaled views |
Diagrams Key plans Schedules Perspectives Isometric Title sheet drawings |
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What are the two major groups of Construction Documents
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procurement and contract documents
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What are procurement documents referred to as in a competitive bidding process? |
Bidding documents |
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What are procurement documents referred to as in a negotiated process?
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Pricing documents |
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What are written and graphic documents which are used for construction and contract administration called?
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Construction documents |
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What documents describe the Work that results from performing services, furnishing labor, supplying and incorporating materials and equipment into construction?
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Contract documents
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Which documents are used to show locations, dimensions and size, details of connections, shape and form?
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Drawings |
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Which documents define quality for products, materials and workmanship? |
Specifications |
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Solicitation, Instructions for procurement, Available information and Procurement forms are known as what?
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Procurement requirements |
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Contracting form, project forms, Conditions of the Contract, Revision Clarifications and Modifications are know as what?
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Contracting Requirements |
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What is an offer to perform a contract for work and labor or to supply materials or good at a specific price?
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Bid |
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What is an offer from one party to another, of terms and conditions with reference to some Work, which if accepted can form a contract?
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Proposal |
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Which form is published in public, such as a local newspaper, that says a project is open for interested bidders?
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Advertisement to bid |
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What form is used to attract qualified bidders? This form also helps prospective bidders decide whether to obtain the procurement documents. |
Invitation to bid
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Which form is used during the bidding process for public work? Advertisement to bid or invitation to bid?
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Advertisement to bid |
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What is the purpose of a bid form
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It helps to standardize the bidding process. This helps when comparing bids, especially when addenda and modifications are included.
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- Documents - Examination of Documents, site and local conditions - Interpretations during bidding - Substitution of products - Type of bid - Preparation of bid - Bid security - performance and payment bond requirements - submittal of bid - withdrawal of bid - prebid meeting |
Instructions for procurement |
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Notice of award, agreement and attachments to the agreement are typically referred to as what type of forms?
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Contracting forms |
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What is the written document signed by each party legally binding both parties? |
Agreement |
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What document defines the basic rights, responsibilities and relationships of the entities associated in the construction of the project?
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General Conditions |
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AIA A201 and EJCDC C-700 are standardized documents for which Contract requirement? |
General conditions
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Which document can be used to expand the scope of the General conditions?
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Supplementary conditions |
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What are the three components for project team coordination? |
Organization, Execution and Quality Assurance? |
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What are the four types of contract modifications?
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Addenda, Change Orders, Construction Change Directive and Minor Changes in the Work |
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What is a written or graphic instrument to clarify, revise, add to or delete information in the current procurement documents?
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Addenda |
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Does A201 allow addenda to be issued after the receipt of bids and proposals? |
Yes. A201 defines addenda as changes up until the agreement has been executed? |
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Does EJCDC C700 allow addenda to be issued after the receipt of bids and proposals? |
No. EJCDC does not allow addenda after the receipt of bids. Because this contract is usually used for public projects, this eliminates the potential for negotiating bid amounts between bidders during the procurement phase. |
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What form of communication is used to convey changes in the contract documents that affect sum or time? |
Change orders |
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Which modification directs the contractor to make a change in the project before the proposed changes have been agreed upon?
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Construction Change Directive |
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Which modification includes instructions or interpretations that do not effect the contract sum or time.
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Minor Changes in the Work |
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ASI
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Architect's Supplemental Informations |
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CCD |
Construction Change Directive |
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Minor Changes in the Work are typical communicated by which document? |
ASI |
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What is a promise that a proposition of fact is true, and that certain facts are truly as they are represented to be and will remain so?
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Warranty |
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What is the difference between extended and purchase warranties?
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Purchase only covers products and extended covers products and workmanship |
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Which warranty covers complete performance covering both labor and materials?
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Full warranty |
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Which warranty affirms that the promise made that relates to goods and/or services conforms to the stated affirmation? |
Express Warranty |
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Which warranty is covered with the purchase of all items under the UCC whether stated by the provider or not?
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Implied Warranty |
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UCC |
Uniform Commercial Code |
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What is the primary purpose of the UCC? |
Provide consumer certainty and consistency of commercial transactions. |
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What is the implied promise that the owner owns the item that was sold to them. Unless otherwise documented, there has been a compete transfer of ownership.
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Warranty of title |
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When a warranty does not meet one or more of the minimum standards of a full warranty it is called a what? |
Limited Warranty |
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What is the length of the standard correction period?
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One year |
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What is contractual relationship when one party agrees to reimburse another party for loss to a specified subject?
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Insurance |
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Which three types of bonds are used in construction projects?
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Bid, Performance and Payment |
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Which bond protects the owner from losing the benefit of an accepted bid?
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Bid Bond |
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When a bid bond is required and has been included in a bid, what happens when the successful bidder refuses to enter into a contract for the price of the bid?
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The surety is obligated to pay Owner's damages up to the penal amount of the bid bond. |
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Which bond provides protection to the Owner from the contractor defaulting on the agreement? |
Performance bond |
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Which bond guarantees that the surety will either complete the contract or provide sufficient funds to the Owner to complete the contract when a contractor defaults? |
Performance bond |
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Which bond guarantees that the subs and suppliers will be paid?
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Payment bond |
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Do payment bonds typically provide coverage for sub-subcontractors and suppliers of subcontractors? |
Yes. Although it does depend on the contract requirements, payment bonds typically include coverage for remote claimants. |
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What is a surety?
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Bonding company
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Who is the principal in a bond agreement?
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The party who has the obligation to perform the obligation being bonded. |
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Obligee |
The person for whose benefit the bond is written. |
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Surety bond |
The document given by the surety and principal to the obligee |
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Indemnity Agreement |
agreement between the principal and the surety that the surety will incur no loss by providing the bond |
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penal amount
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the limit on the amount of the bond |
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claimant |
the party that files a claim against the bond |
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lien |
the right of a party (i.e. subcontractor) to claim a security interest in the project. |
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Measurement and Payment (A201) |
Measurement - quantifying Work eligible for payment Payment - distribution of money proportionate to quantity of work |
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Application for payment
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GC submits list of Work completed to receive payment |
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Schedule of values (payment) |
list of timing and values submitted to A/E for approval prior to first payment. Coincides with the work that will be performed. |
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What are the three types of payment intervals typically used
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Provisional Payments Single Payments |
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Which payment type includes regularly scheduled (i.e. monthly) payments?
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Periodic progress payments |
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Which payment type includes predetermined partial amounts of the total contract tied to specific milestones? |
Provisional payments |
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Which payment type includes the entire sum at one time?
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Single payment |
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What are the three basis of payments?
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Unit Price Cost plus fee |
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Which basis of payment is a single agreed upon price for the entire contract?
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Stipulated sum |
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Which basis of payment measures and verifies the quantity of work as it completed and is paid at the agreed upon price rate? |
Unit price |
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Which basis of payment includes the GCs actual cost of labor, equipment and material, plus a predetermined price or percentage of costs |
Cost plus fee |
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Per A201, who is responsible to certify the amounts due to the Contractor?
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Architect |
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Per A201, who is responsible to review the GCs application and certification of payment?
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Architect |
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What is the name for the amount of payment held back from the GC and/or subcontractors until substantial completion
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Retainage |
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(T or F) The contractor can stop the Work if the Owner fails to make a payment within the prescribed times in the contract?
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True |
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If the GC fails to meet the agreed date of substantial complete, they can be held financially responsible. This financial responsibility is called... |
liquidated damages |
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Under the general conditions, who is responsible for protecting installed products
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GC |
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What are the procedures for discovering defects or deviations to the contract documents before and during the execution of work called? |
Quality assurance |
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Whet are the procedures for evaluating completed activities for conformance with the contract documents called? |
Quality control |
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The Part 1 section for Submittals in a typical specification section requires which items?
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Shop Drawings Samples Informational Submittals Closeout Submittal Maintenance materials submittals |
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(T or F) Submittals are not part of the contract documents
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True. In most standard contracts, submittals are not to be used to modify contract documents |
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Preconstruction submittals typically include information for what items?
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Payment and performance bonds Proposed subcontractor and products lists proposed use of site erosion control plan pollution control plan traffic control plan |
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Typically, what are the three types of action submittals?
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Shop Drawings Samples |
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Which type of submittal typically requires A/E approval before the Work should commence?
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Action submittals
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Which type of submittal typically includes QA and QC information specified in the CDs? |
Information submittals |
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Types of data can be included in information submittals |
Certificates Design and Delegation data Test and evaluation reports Manf. instructions Manf. reports sustainable design reports photos qualification statements |
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Which type of submittal typically includes illustrations, standard schedules, diagrams, performance charts, instructions or brochures? |
Product Data |
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Which type of submittal includes illustrations of proposed details and techniques to show compliance with CDs? |
Shop drawings |
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Which type of submittal typically includes record drawings performed by a sub contractor?
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Closeout submittals |
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Operations and warranty data are typically include in which type of submittal?
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Maintenance (or closeout) submittals |
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Design Stage - Activities
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Schematic Design
Design Development |
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Design Stage - Owner Documents (Schematic Design) |
Surveys Geotechnical Data |
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Design Stage - A/E Documents (Schematic Design) |
Schematic Drawings: Sketches, Renderings, Diagrams Conceptual: Plans, Elevations, Sections Preliminary Project Description Cost Projections |
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Design Stage - A/E Documents (Design Development) |
Drawings: Plans, Elevations, Sections, Typical Details Engineering: Design Criteria, Equipment Layouts Outline Specifications Revised Cost Projections |
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Construction Documentation Stage - Activities |
Construction Documents (or Final Design) |
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Construction Documentation Stage - Owner Documents |
Solicitation Instruction for Procurement Bid/Proposal Form General Conditions Supplementary Conditions |
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Construction Documentation Stage - A/E Documents |
Detailed Drawings: Plans, Elevations, Sections, Details, Schedules Specifications Building Requirements Revised Cost Projections |
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Bidding/Negotiating/Purchasing Stage - Activities |
Competitive Bidding or Contract Negotiations Direct Purchasing of Goods and Supplies |
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Bidding/Negotiating/Purchasing Stage - Owner Documents |
Request for Proposal Purchase Orders |
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Bidding/Negotiating/Purchasing Stage - A/E Documents |
Addenda |
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Bidding/Negotiating/Purchasing Stage - Contractor Documents |
Bid Bid Security |
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Construction Stage - Activities |
Mobilization Construction Contract Administration Project Closeout |
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Construction Stage - Owner Documents |
Payment Certificates |
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Construction Stage - A/E Documents |
Modifications |
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Construction Stage - Contractor Documents |
Permits Schedules Shop Drawings Certificates Record Documents Warranties Operation and Maintenance Data |
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Facility Management Stage - Activities |
Occupancy Operation/Maintenance Evaluation Repairs |
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Facility Management Stage - Owner Documents |
Maintenance Records |
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Facility Management Stage - A/E Documents |
Postoccupancy Reports or Analysis |
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Facility Management - Contractor Documents |
Warranty Service Records |
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What is Omniclass? |
A multiple table system of organizing information |
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What is Uniformat? |
A uniform classification system for organizing preliminary construction information into a standard order or sequence |
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What is Master Format? |
Provides a system of 6 digit and 8 digit numbers and titles for organizing construction information into a standard order or sequence of 50 divisions |
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Four C's of communication |
Clear, Concise, Correct, Complete |
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GreenFormat |
Web-based tool that allows manufacturers to accurately report product sustainability properties. Provides designers, constructors, and building operators with basic information to help meet green requirements. |
