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5 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Diffusion
The net movement of molecules that occurs from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration
Active Transport
requires the cell to spend energy, usually in the form of ATP. Examples include transport of large molecules (non-lipid soluble) and the sodium-potassium pump.
Passive Transport
During this, substances freely pass across the membrane without the cell expending any energy. Examples include the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide, osmosis of water, and facilitated diffusion.
endocytosis
Process where a cell takes in macromolecules by forming vesicles derived from the plasma membrane. Vesicle forms from a localized region of plasma membrane that sinks inward; pinches off into the cytoplasm. Used by cells to incorporate extracellular substances.

There are three types of endocytosis: (1) phagocytosis, (2) pinocytosis and (3) receptor-mediated endocytosis.
exocytosis
Process where a cell secretes macromolecules by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. Vesicle usually budded from the ER or Golgi and migrates to plasma membrane. Used by secretory cells to export products (e.g. insulin in pancreas, or neurotransmitter from neuron).