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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain what muscle balance entails. |
Proper ratio of strength, power or endurance relative to another muscle group |
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Method of prescribing isotonic load assignments. |
- 1-RM - 3-6 rep max - 10 RM |
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Specificity considerations for strength testing. |
- sport movement muscles - movement pattern and contraction type (isometric vs dynamic- concentric or eccentric) - contraction velocity |
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Differences in cardiac variables between trained and untrained individuals at sub max power output. |
- greater stroke volume; no difference in oxygen uptake or heart rate
At max vo2: - 50% increase VO2 - greater stroke volume - 50% increase VO2 - greater a-v O2 difference - max HR remains the same or decreases among trained |
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What is the function of beta blockers? |
- reduce myocardial oxygen needs - reduce heart rate and myocardial contraction vigor - block beta adrenergic receptors in heart from epinephrine and norepinephrine - reduce sub max and max heart rate - for CAD and hypertension |
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How to calculate the training heart rate (intensity) following a progressive exercise test to exhaustion. |
- % HRR (oxygen uptake reserve vo2r) - similar to % vo2 max for average or high fitness level - HRR= (max HR - rest HR) - indirect calculation of target heart rate range: HR - vo2 linear - THR range= HRR (%) + rest HR - 60-80% vo2 max recommended - RPE 12-16 |
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Define first, second and third class levers. |
First class: axis in centre, force arm = resistance arm Eg, neck Second class: axis on one end, resistance in between axis and force, force arm > resistance arm Eg, ankle Third class: axis on one end, force in between axis and resistance, resistance arm > force arm Eg, elbow |
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Type of muscle action with greatest force achieved throughout complete ROM? |
Eccentric- muscle activated, force produced, muscle lengthens |
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Muscle action that generates force but cannot overcome external resistance to shorten sarcomere fibers and cause joint movement and produce external work |
Isometric static action |
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How does a muscle get stronger? Examples of precise and systematic exercise methods. |
Apply overload/tension to the muscle's current force generating capacity - progressive resistance weight - isometric - isokinetic |
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Improvement phase of strength training. Acceptable changes in routine? |
- increasing frequency per week (muscle groups on non-consecutive days) |
