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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain what muscle balance entails. |
Proper ratio of strength, power or endurance relative to another muscle group |
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Method of prescribing isotonic load assignments. |
- 1-RM - 3-6 rep max |
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Specificity considerations for strength testing. |
- sport movement muscles - movement pattern and contraction type (isometric vs dynamic- concentric or eccentric) - contraction velocity |
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Differences in cardiac variables between trained and untrained individuals at sub max power output. |
- greater stroke volume; no difference in oxygen uptake or heart rate
At max vo2: - 50% increase VO2 - greater stroke volume - 50% increase VO2 - greater a-v O2 difference - max HR remains the same or decreases among trained |
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What is the function of beta blockers? |
- reduce myocardial oxygen needs - reduce heart rate and myocardial contraction vigor - block beta adrenergic receptors in heart from epinephrine and norepinephrine - reduce sub max and max heart rate - for CAD and hypertension |
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How to calculate the training heart rate (intensity) following a progressive exercise test to exhaustion. |
- % HRR (oxygen uptake reserve vo2r) - similar to % vo2 max for average or high fitness level - HRR= (max HR - rest HR) - indirect calculation of target heart rate range: HR - vo2 linear - THR range= HRR (%) + rest HR - 60-80% vo2 max recommended - RPE 12-16 |
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Define first, second and third class levers. |
First class: axis in centre, force arm = resistance arm Eg, neck Second class: axis on one end, resistance in between axis and force, force arm > resistance arm Eg, ankle Third class: axis on one end, force in between axis and resistance, resistance arm > force arm Eg, elbow |
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Type of muscle action with greatest force achieved throughout complete ROM? |
ISOTONIC muscle actions: actual movement; equal tension Eccentric- external resistance exceeds muscle force, sarcomere fibers lengthen with greatest tension development, against force of gravity (prevent fall), recovery phase adds to total work
Concentric- muscle shortens and joint moves as tension develops
*muscle force generation varies throughout ROM |
