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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hormones |
Serve as messengers of the endocrine system categorized as steroid or peptide hormones. |
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Steroid hormones |
Primarily responsible for primary and secondary sexual characteristics -Water balance -Inflammatory responses -Metabolic control -Immunity |
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Peptide hormones |
Hormones that are synthesized in the nucleus of the cell from various proteins and are utilized as signal or template precursors for other hormones or hormonal cascades |
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Lock and Key theory |
Of endocrinology suggests that specific hormones and enzymes bind to specific receptor sites because of designated structural composition that allows for a hormone to bind to a single binding site while preventing this hormone from binding at other sites. |
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Allosteric binding sites |
in the endocrine system are non-primary binding sites that allows for other non-hormonal substances to bind on a receptor to either increase or decrease activity. -Involved in feedback loops -capable of encouraging or discouraging binding based on homeostatic feedback |
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Cortisol |
Part of the glucocorticoids class of hormones, is responsible for converting amino acids to carbohydrates. -Primarily catabolic hormone -Involved as a signaling hormone in carbohydrate metabolism and storage of glycogen in muscle tissue - |
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Acute Cortisol |
Is linked to increase in growth hormone response to exercise during anaerobic training protocols that include resistance training. High levels can be associated with over training. |
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Testosterone |
Primary androgenic hormone in human physiology, which impacts women and men both. -Impacts muscular physiology via increased protein synthesis and increased growth hormone production in pituitary glands. -Impact central nervous system adaptations to resistance training by increasing neuronal receptor activity, increasing neurotransmitter activity and availability, and altering structural proteins that facilitate muscular contraction |
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Steroid hormones |
Steroid hormones are secreted from the adrenal cortex and gonads. -They are fat soluble and passively transported across the sarcolemma of a muscle fiber. |
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Polypeptide hormones |
Polypeptide hormones are composed of amino acids
-are not fat soluble and rely on secondary messengers to deliver their message to the cell and bind to receptors located in the cell membrane of a targeted tissue. |
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Growth hormone |
Also know as somatotrophin, is primarily responsible for an increase in cellular amino acid uptake, as well as increasing protein synthesis in skeletal muscle leading to growth of type I and type II muscle fibers. -Responsible for increased lipolysis, increased glucose and amino acids in circulation, and strengthen the immune response. |
