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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Enterprise Crimes
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The use of illegal tactics to gain profit in the marketplace. Enterprise crimes can involve both the violation of law in the course of an otherwise legitimate occupation and the sale and distribution of illegal commodities.
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White-Collar crime
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Illegal acts that capitalize on a person's status in the marketplace. White-collar crimes can involve theft, embezzlement, fraud, market manipulation, restraint of trade, and false advertisement.
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Green-Collar Crime
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Acts involving illegal environmental harm that violate environmental laws and regulations.
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Corporate Crime
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White-collar crime involving a legal violation by a corporate entity, such as price fixing, restraint of trade, or hazardous waste dumping.
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White-Collar Swindle
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A crime in which people use a business proposition to trick others out of their money.
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Ponzi Scheme
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An investment fraud that involves the payment of purported returns to existing investors from funds contributed by new investors.
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Securitization
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The process in which vendors take individual subprime loans and bundle them into large pools and sell them as securities.
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Chiseling
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Crimes that involve using illegal means to cheat an organization, its consumers, or both, on a regular basis.
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Insider Trading
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Illegal buying of stock in a company based on information provided by someone who has a fiduciary interest in the company, such as an employee or attorney or accountant retained by the firm. Federal laws and the rules of the securities and exchange commission require that all profits from such trading be returned and provide for both fines and a prison sentence.
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Hedge Fund
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A stock fund that uses aggressive strategies, including selling short, using leverage, interest rate swaps, arbitrage, and derivatives to hopefully earn above average profits.
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Exploitation
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(of victims) Forcing victims to pay for services to which they have a clear right.
(of criminals) Using others to commit crimes: for example, as contract killers or drug runners. |
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Influence Peddling
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Using an institutional position of grant favors and sell information to which their co-conspirators are not entitled.
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Payola
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Bribery of an influential person in exchange for the promotion of a product or service, such as giving radio disc jockeys payments to play songs.
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Pilferage
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Theft by employees through stealth or deception.
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White-Collar Client Fraud
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Theft by a client from an organization that advances credit or reimburses for services rendered. These offenses involve cheating an organization that supports, reimburses, or extends credit to clients.
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Organizational Crime
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Crime that involves large corporations and their efforts to control the market place and earn huge profits through unlawful bidding, unfair advertising, monopolistic practices, or other illegal means.
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Actual Authority
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The authority a corporation knowingly gives to an employee.
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Apparent Authority
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Authority that a third party, such as a customer, reasonably believes the agent has to perform the act in question.
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Sherman Antitrust Act
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Law that subjects to criminal or civil sanctions any person "who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy" in restraint of interstate commerce.
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Criminal Environmental Pollution
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A crime involving the intentional or negligent discharge of a toxic waste into the biosystem that destroys plant or animal life
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