Criminology Chapter 10

Front 1

Expressive violence

Back 1

Violence that is designed not for profit or gain but to vent rage, anger, or frustration.

Front 2

Instrumental violence

Back 2

Violence used in rational,controlled, and puposeful fashion: F.E an attempt to improve the financial or social position of the criminal.

Front 3

Causes of violence, personal traits?

Back 3

Hardwired to respond to threatsviolents. Nuerolgogical impairments. Psychomotor impairments.Low IQ. Animal cruelity.

Front 4

Causes of violence, child abuse and neglect? aND THE CYCLE OF VIOLENCE

Back 4

Those who are abused are more likely to become violent themselves. This is called the Cycle of violence, a phenomenon in which abused children grow up to be abusers themselves.

Front 5

Caueses of violence, human instinct (eros and thanatos)

Back 5

Eros is the life instinct which drives people toward self-fulfillment and enjoyment. Thanatos is the death instinct which impels people toward self destruction.

Front 6

Psychopharmacological relationship

Back 6

In such a relationship, violence is the direct consequence of ingesting mood altering substances.

Front 7

Economic compulsive behavior

Back 7

Violence commited by drug users to support their habit.

Front 8

Systemic link

Back 8

A link between drugs and violence that occurs when drug dealers turn violent in their competition with rival gangs

Front 9

Subculture of violence

Back 9

A segment of society in which violence has become legitimized by the custom and norms of that group.

Front 10

Firearm availability, causes of violence

Back 10

Facilitating factor. Inceases risk of suicide among adolescents.

Front 11

Rape

Back 11

Under common law, the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. Contemporary statues are gender nutural and can include various acts of sexual penetration.

Front 12

Date rape

Back 12

A rape that invovles people who are in some form of courting relationship

Front 13

Marital exemption

Back 13

The formerly accepted tradition that a legally married husband could not be charged with raping his wife.

Front 14

Statutory rape

Back 14

Sexual relations between an underage minor female and an adult male.

Front 15

Virility mystique

Back 15

The belief that males must seperate their sexual feelings fron their need for love, respect, and affection.

Front 16

Causes of Rape.

Back 16

Evolutionary factors. Prehistoric drives for procreation. Socialized to commit rape. Mental illness. Social learning. Need for control, domination. Sexual motivation, some rapists have feelings for their victims.

Front 17

Narcissitic personality disorder

Back 17

A pattern of traits and behaviors indicating infatuation and fixation with ones self to the exclusion of all others, along with the egotistic and ruthless pursuit of ones own gratification dominance and ambition.

Front 18

Aggravated rape

Back 18

Rape involving multiple offenders, weapons, and victim injuries.

Front 19

Consent

Back 19

The victim of rape must prove that she in now way encouraged enticed or misled the accused rapist.

Front 20

SHeild laws

Back 20

Laws that protect wimen from being questioned about their sexual history unless such questioning directly bears on the case.

Front 21

Murder

Back 21

Bruh

Front 22

First-Degree Murder

Back 22

Killing a person after premeditation and deliberation

Front 23

Premeditation

Back 23

Considering the criminal act beforehand, which suggests that it was motivated by more than a simple desitre to engage in an act of violence.

Front 24

Deliberation

Back 24

PLanning a criminal act after careful thought, rather than carrying it out on impulse.

Front 25

Felony murder

Back 25

A killing that accompanies a felony, such as robbery or rape.

Front 26

Second-degree murder

Back 26

A persons wanton disregard for their victim's life and his or her desire to inflict serious bodily harm to the victim which results in the victims death.

Front 27

manslaughter

Back 27

Homicide without malice

Front 28

Voluntary or nonnegligent manslaughter

Back 28

A killing committed in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel that provoked violence.

Front 29

Involuntary or negligent manslaughter

Back 29

A killing that occurs when a person's acts are negligent and without regard for the harm tey may cause others.

Front 30

Infantcide

Back 30

Murder of a very young child

Front 31

Filicide

Back 31

Murder of an older child

Front 32

Eldercide

Back 32

Murder of a senior citizen.

Front 33

Feticide

Back 33

Murder of human fetus.

Front 34

Serial killer

Back 34

A person who likks three or more person in three or more separate events. There are three types of serial killers. Thrill Killers. Mission killers (they think they are reforming the world) and expedience killers ( out of profit or protection from perceived threat)

Front 35

Mass murder

Back 35

The killing of four or more victims by one or a few assaliants within a single event. THere are four types of mass murdered: Revenge killers. Love killers, profit killers, terrorist killers.

Front 36

Spree killer

Back 36

A killer of multiple victims whose murders occur over a relatively short span of time and often follow no discenible pattern.

Front 37

battery

Back 37

Offensive toching, such as slapping, hitting, or punching a victim.

Front 38

Assault

Back 38

Either attempted battery or intentionally frightening the vicim by word or deed (actual touching is not involved)

Front 39

road rage

Back 39

Violent asault by a motorist who loses control of his or her emotions while driving.

Front 40

Child abuse

Back 40

Any physical or emotional trauma to a child ofr which no reasonable explanation, such as an accident or ordinary disciplinary practices can be found.

Front 41

Neglect

Back 41

Not providing a child with the care and shelter to which he or she is entitled.

Front 42

Child Sexual abuse

Back 42

The explotation of children through rape, incest, and molestation by parents or other adults. Those who suffer this typically drop out of highschool, become obese, end up with another abuser.

Front 43

Causes of child abuse

Back 43

Cycle of violence. Step parents more. Those cut off from suport.

Front 44

relational aggression

Back 44

Psychological and emotional abuse that invovles the spreading of smears rmors and private information in order to ham his or her partner.

Front 45

robbery

Back 45

taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.

Front 46

Robbers in action/target choosing targets.

Back 46

CHoice based on physcial appearance. VUlnerable acessible and profitble. Drug dealers are a common target.

Front 47

Acquaintance robbery

Back 47

Robber in which the victim or victims are people the robber knows.

Front 48

hate crimes

Back 48

Violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group meremly because the targets share a decernible racial ethinic religous or gender characteristic

Front 49

Benefits of acquaintance robbery?

Back 49

Robber knows the take will be good. Close proximity makes it easier. Victims may be relunctant to report to police. Some might see it as street justice for a previous indescretion.

Front 50

What are the four motivation for hate crimes?

Back 50

Thrill seeking hate crimes. Reactive hate crimes: defensive stand taken against outsiders. Mission hate crimes: Duty to rid the world of evil I.e KKK. Retaliatory hate crimes: Commited in response towards a hate crime.

Front 51

Workplace violence

Back 51

Violence such as assault, rape, or murder commited at the workplace.

Front 52

Stalking

Back 52

A course of conduct that is directed at a specific person and invovles repeated physical or visual proxmity, nonconsensual communication, or verbal written or implied threats sufficient to cause fear ina reasonable pattern