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60 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What percentage of Americans has tried an illegal drug at some point in their life?

46

What is the most commonly used illegal drug in the United States?
Marijuana
One of the hallmarks of occupational crime is its focus on the individual.
True
During what period of time did organized crime in the United States gain power and become more coordinated?
Prohibition

Upperworld crime is another term for which of the following?

White-collar crimes

Street crimes cost society more financially than corporate crimes.

False

Drug cartels in South America engage in which type of crime?

Transnational organized crime

Embezzlement is the theft of what?

Company funds

One of the reasons that organized crime has been around so long is that it provides goods and services that society wants.

True

What involves the agreement on the part of multiple corporations to charge a particular price for a good or service?

Price-fixing

Antitrust laws make the restraint of trade illegal.

True

Criminologists have always been more interested in white-collar crimes than in street crimes.

False

Scholars have argued that what is the best way to control organized crime?

Reduce the demand for the goods and services that it provides

Italian Americans are the only ethnic group involved in organized crime.

False

What are crimes committed by an individual for personal gain and profit during the course of their occupation?

Occupational crimes

The only way a person can be released from prison is to serve their entire sentence.

False

Many states exclude certain crimes from being tried in the juvenile courts.

True

All crimes are investigated by the police.

False

What is one reason why not all crimes enter the system?

Not all crimes are reported

The criminal justice system does NOT include which of the following?

Crime scholars

What prohibits the use of evidence in a criminal case that has been gathered illegally?

Exclusionary rule

The most extreme form of incapacitation is which of the following?

The death penalty

What is the power by prosecutors to directly try juveniles in adult courts?

Direct file

All criminal cases must go through all of the stages of the criminal case process.

False

What is a panel of citizens who hear the prosecution’s case in secret hearings and decide whether the individual should be formally charged?

Grand jury

Today, parole is usually just an early release from prison when the parole board approves it.

True

As the stages of the criminal case process continue, more and more cases are involved.

False

General deterrence is the idea that if people see the punishments given to offenders that they will be less likely to commit crimes themselves.

True

In juvenile courts, the upper age limit is always which age or younger?

17

A preliminary hearing takes place in front of whom?

A judge

Which of the following is generally NOT required for someone to become a police officer?

Recommendations from teachers

Any person convicted of a crime has the right to appeal their conviction to the appellate courts when there may be an error on a point of law.

True

What is lowest level of jurisdiction in the federal system?

Federal magistrates

An example of police-community relations programs is Neighborhood Watch.

False

The U.S. Supreme Court hears about 2,000 cases each year.

False

Studies show that the death penalty deters people from committing crimes.

False

Neighborhood Watch is an example of what type of policing?

Community policing

A Justice of the Peace must have a law degree to be appointed to the position.

False

Who appoints individuals to the position of Chief Justice or Associate Justices in the Supreme Court?

The President

Since 1900, about how many people have been executed by the state who have probably or certainly innocent of the crime they were convicted for?

23

At the heart of the police subculture is the obligation of support and loyalty to other police officers.

True

Anyone can be a police officer and handle the job.

False

The process of selecting the jury is called voir dire.

True

If an attorney does not wish an individual to be on a jury, she might use what to exclude the person?

Peremptory challenge

Counting the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices, how many individuals make up the Supreme Court?

9

An example of a passive electronic monitoring system is which of the following?

A telephone call to the offender’s home

Where are prisoners convicted of misdemeanors who are serving sentences of a year or less typically held?

County jails

On average, how much does it take to incarcerate a prisoner in the U.S. for one year?

$20,000

Prisons are considered to be correctional facilities but jails are not.

False

The average caseload for a probation officer is about how many cases?

200

Having to serve meals to the homeless would be an example of which type of punishment?

Community Service

Prisons are typically under whose control?

The state or federal government

Why might someone experience a revocation of parole?

Committing another crime

What type of prison are those with high walls and gun towers surrounding the prison?

Maximum security prison

The percentage of parolees who complete their parole sentence successfully is about 85 percent.

False

When did prisons begin developing?

The Middle Ages

In the United States, the cost of the correctional system is over $34 billion dollars each year.

True

In the sixteenth century, the idea of workhouses began to develop where?

Europe

What were prison hulks?

Decommissioned ships used to hold offenders

The process of learning the prison society and its expectations and rules is known as what?
Prisonization