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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What percentage of Americans has tried an illegal drug at some point in their life?
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46 |
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What is the most commonly used illegal drug in the United States?
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Marijuana
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One of the hallmarks of occupational crime is its focus on the individual.
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True
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During what period of time did organized crime in the United States gain power and become more coordinated?
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Prohibition
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Upperworld crime is another term for which of the following? |
White-collar crimes |
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Street crimes cost society more financially than corporate crimes. |
False |
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Drug cartels in South America engage in which type of crime? |
Transnational organized crime |
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Embezzlement is the theft of what? |
Company funds |
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One of the reasons that organized crime has been around so long is that it provides goods and services that society wants. |
True |
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What involves the agreement on the part of multiple corporations to charge a particular price for a good or service? |
Price-fixing |
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Antitrust laws make the restraint of trade illegal. |
True |
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Criminologists have always been more interested in white-collar crimes than in street crimes. |
False |
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Scholars have argued that what is the best way to control organized crime? |
Reduce the demand for the goods and services that it provides |
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Italian Americans are the only ethnic group involved in organized crime. |
False |
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What are crimes committed by an individual for personal gain and profit during the course of their occupation? |
Occupational crimes |
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The only way a person can be released from prison is to serve their entire sentence. |
False |
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Many states exclude certain crimes from being tried in the juvenile courts. |
True |
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All crimes are investigated by the police. |
False |
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What is one reason why not all crimes enter the system? |
Not all crimes are reported |
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The criminal justice system does NOT include which of the following? |
Crime scholars |
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What prohibits the use of evidence in a criminal case that has been gathered illegally? |
Exclusionary rule |
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The most extreme form of incapacitation is which of the following? |
The death penalty |
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What is the power by prosecutors to directly try juveniles in adult courts? |
Direct file |
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All criminal cases must go through all of the stages of the criminal case process. |
False |
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What is a panel of citizens who hear the prosecution’s case in secret hearings and decide whether the individual should be formally charged? |
Grand jury |
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Today, parole is usually just an early release from prison when the parole board approves it. |
True |
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As the stages of the criminal case process continue, more and more cases are involved. |
False |
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General deterrence is the idea that if people see the punishments given to offenders that they will be less likely to commit crimes themselves. |
True |
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In juvenile courts, the upper age limit is always which age or younger? |
17 |
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A preliminary hearing takes place in front of whom? |
A judge |
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Which of the following is generally NOT required for someone to become a police officer? |
Recommendations from teachers |
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Any person convicted of a crime has the right to appeal their conviction to the appellate courts when there may be an error on a point of law. |
True |
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What is lowest level of jurisdiction in the federal system? |
Federal magistrates |
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An example of police-community relations programs is Neighborhood Watch. |
False |
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The U.S. Supreme Court hears about 2,000 cases each year. |
False |
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Studies show that the death penalty deters people from committing crimes. |
False |
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Neighborhood Watch is an example of what type of policing? |
Community policing |
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A Justice of the Peace must have a law degree to be appointed to the position. |
False |
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Who appoints individuals to the position of Chief Justice or Associate Justices in the Supreme Court? |
The President |
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Since 1900, about how many people have been executed by the state who have probably or certainly innocent of the crime they were convicted for? |
23 |
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At the heart of the police subculture is the obligation of support and loyalty to other police officers. |
True |
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Anyone can be a police officer and handle the job. |
False |
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The process of selecting the jury is called voir dire. |
True |
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If an attorney does not wish an individual to be on a jury, she might use what to exclude the person? |
Peremptory challenge |
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Counting the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices, how many individuals make up the Supreme Court? |
9 |
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An example of a passive electronic monitoring system is which of the following? |
A telephone call to the offender’s home |
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Where are prisoners convicted of misdemeanors who are serving sentences of a year or less typically held? |
County jails |
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On average, how much does it take to incarcerate a prisoner in the U.S. for one year? |
$20,000 |
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Prisons are considered to be correctional facilities but jails are not. |
False |
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The average caseload for a probation officer is about how many cases? |
200 |
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Having to serve meals to the homeless would be an example of which type of punishment? |
Community Service |
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Prisons are typically under whose control? |
The state or federal government |
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Why might someone experience a revocation of parole? |
Committing another crime |
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What type of prison are those with high walls and gun towers surrounding the prison? |
Maximum security prison |
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The percentage of parolees who complete their parole sentence successfully is about 85 percent. |
False |
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When did prisons begin developing? |
The Middle Ages |
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In the United States, the cost of the correctional system is over $34 billion dollars each year. |
True |
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In the sixteenth century, the idea of workhouses began to develop where? |
Europe |
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What were prison hulks? |
Decommissioned ships used to hold offenders |
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The process of learning the prison society and its expectations and rules is known as what?
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Prisonization
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