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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the unlawful killing of one human by another & death must occur w/in a year and a day of the injury
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homicide
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requires premeditation and malice aforethought
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1st degree murder
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the prior formation of the intent to kill
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premeditation
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the manifestation of the deliberate intention to take the life of a fellow creature
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malice aforethought
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includes malice aforethought but not premeditation
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2nd degree murder
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does not require malice aforethought
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manslaughter
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death occurs when it could have reasonably been anticipated
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voluntary manslaughter or 1st degree
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when the circumstances are not so closely related to a lethal outcome; ex – someone dies after a fall that happened during a fight
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involuntary manslaughter or 2nd degree
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often used to prosecute traffic fatalities
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negligent manslaughter
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where death occurs because of an accident
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excusable homicide
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relates to an act that is demanded by the legal system; ex - police officers or executioners
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justifiable homicide
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a threat or attempt to do bodily harm to another person
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assault
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the actual act of violent harm
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battery
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taking of property from a person w/o their consent & w/the intent to deprive them permanently of the property
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larceny
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petty larceny
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misdemeanor
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grand larceny
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felony
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a form of theft where something is taken from a person through the use of violence or fear
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robbery
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a crime against a dwelling; one who breaks in w/intent to commit a felony
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burglary
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average loss of burglary
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1,200
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rape: age & city size
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20-24
does NOT vary w/city size |
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homicide offenders: African American
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75%
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homicide offenders: male
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82%
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homicide patterns: day & time
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Sautrday; b/w 8PM & 2AM
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homicide & alcohol present
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2/3; ½ time in both victim & offender
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homicide offenders w/a previous arrest
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64%
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% arrested for burglary are male
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90%
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burlgary rates dropped (since 1980)
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44%
Robbery rates have ↑ as burglary rates have ↓… perhaps b/c of crack |
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% shrinkage that is shoplifting
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80%
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homicide b/w acquaintances
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2/3
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% of female victims w/attackers who were friends/relatives/acquaintances
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84%
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% homicide intra-racial
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94%
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victim-precipitated homicides in Philadelphia
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26%
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Fisher rape study:
- assailants know to victims - forced sex in past 7 months |
9 out of 10
over 1/4 |
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rape may happen in part because of a survival drive to procreate; so while it is an inexcusable act it is a natural biological phenomenon
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Thornhill & Palmer
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men evolve traits to increase their chances of fathering many children, and rape is a by-product of that
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Ellis
Evolutionary theory of rape |
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% homicides occur during a robbery
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10%
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robberies that end in murder
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1 in 300
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