Criminal Justice Test 3

Front 1

The Quakers of Pennsylvania were involved in prison reform.

Back 1

T

Front 2

The rehabilitation model of correction involved contributions from social scientists.

Back 2

T

Front 3

The federal government provides all of the funding for American prisons.

Back 3

F

Front 4

Almost one-half of the incarcerated population in comprised of women

Back 4

F

Front 5

Jails are typically populated with poorly educated, low income people.

Back 5

T

Front 6

There has been an increase in the number of elderly prisoners over the age of 55.

Back 6

T

Front 7

Women officers can only work with female inmates.

Back 7

F

Front 8

"Jailing" is a term used to describe an inmate who tries to take advantage of prison programs to better thamselves.

Back 8

F

Front 9

Values and norms are nonexistent within the prison social system.

Back 9

F

Front 10

Gangs based upon race and ethnicity have become a serious problem within the prison system.

Back 10

T

Front 11

Only felons are released on parole.

Back 11

T

Front 12

Few inmates are released to live in the community.

Back 12

F

Front 13

Street gangs and organized crime gangs are called STGs, Security Threat Groups, in correctional settings.

Back 13

T

Front 14

Youth gangs are emerging after a relatively quiet period as a serious juvenile correction problem.

Back 14

T

Front 15

The United States has less than 5 percent of the world's population but almost a quarter of its prisoners

Back 15

T

Front 16

The clearest illustration of the creation of "gleaning" opportunities in Shawshank Redemption was

Back 16

Andy's work to have a functional library.

Front 17

Today the state of Texas has

Back 17

between 120,000 and 162,000 prison cells

Front 18

The organization of corrections in the US leaves the primary administering prisons with the

Back 18

States

Front 19

The goal of community corrections is based upon

Back 19

punishing the offender with the least restrictive alternative

Front 20

Probation is defined as

Back 20

supervised release under specified conditions

Front 21

Which of the following is true about prison managers?

Back 21

Prison managers rely on clients to do much of the institutional maintenance work

Front 22

The Bureau of Justice statistics found that most prisoners are...

Back 22

young minority males with less than a high school education

Front 23

The set of rules and values that developed within the prison social system and guide prisoner's behavior is called...

Back 23

the inmate code

Front 24

The fact that federal prisons require prisoners to serve the full time of the sentence reflects...

Back 24

determinant sentencing

Front 25

Traditionally, the standard currency in the prison economy was...

Back 25

cigarettes

Front 26

Since 1981, the growth rate in the number of incarcerated women has...

Back 26

Increased at both the federal and state levels

Front 27

The concept of male honor and the sacredness of one's reputation is referred to as...

Back 27

machismo

Front 28

Which of the following is TRUE concerning prison violence?

Back 28

Racist attitudes can be a key factor in prison violence

Front 29

Within many prison systems, gangs organize according to...

Back 29

race and ethnicity

Front 30

The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using in one's own judgment, is referred to as

Back 30

discretion

Front 31

The United States has

Back 31

prisons at the state and federal level

Front 32

A serious crime usually carrying a penalty of death or incarceration for more than once year is called a(n)...

Back 32

felony

Front 33

The pursuit of justice through punishment imposed on a person as "pay back" for harming society by violating criminal laws...

Back 33

Retribution

Front 34

Punishment that assumes the general public will not commit a crime because they observe the punishment of others is called...

Back 34

general deterrence

Front 35

Punishment designed to affect the future choice and behavior of individuals and target toward individuals who have already been convicted is called...

Back 35

special deterrence

Front 36

When the goal of punishment is to restore a convicted offender to society through treatment, is called...

Back 36

rehabilitation

Front 37

When the commission of a specific crime leads offenders to be required to serve a minimum period of incarceration before release, this is called a(n)...

Back 37

mandatory sentence

Front 38

Who determine whether a prisoner has a reduction in sentence due to "good time" for good behavior?

Back 38

prison administrator

Front 39

Which of the following is true about the death penalty?

Back 39

the US is virtually the only western democracy to use the death penalty

Front 40

Probation officers play a role in sentencing by...

Back 40

preparing the presentence report for the judge

Front 41

Which demographic group are you most likely to find overrepresented in the prison population of most states?

Back 41

Hispanic men

Front 42

A model that was based upon the assumption that the goal of corrections should be to reintegrate the offender into the community is referred to as the...

Back 42

community corrections model

Front 43

Jails are administered locally by...

Back 43

elected officials

Front 44

The primary function of jails is to

Back 44

hold persons for less than one year

Front 45

Which Western nation has the most prisoners serving long-term sentences?

Back 45

United States

Front 46

What strategy do corrections officers employ to gain voluntary cooperation from prisoners?

Back 46

flexible enforcement of rules

Front 47

Which of the following is true concerning inmate leadership?

Back 47

officials were more successful at using inmate leaders to maintain order in the traditional prison of the big house era

Front 48

Often a primary motivation for becoming a corrections officer is...

Back 48

wanting a secure civil service job

Front 49

Which actor/entity typically determines discretionary release of state prisoners?

Back 49

parole board

Front 50

According to the chart, which offenders actually serve the longest sentences?

Back 50

Murder and sexual assault

Front 51

The temporary release of an inmate from a correctional institution for a visit home is called a(n)

Back 51

furlough

Front 52

What are the two roles played by parole officers?

Back 52

cop and social worker

Front 53

It can be difficult to place halfway houses in communities due to this sentiment:

Back 53

"not in my backyard" (NIMBY)

Front 54

What is one explanation for high recidivism rate among those offenders released from incarceration?

Back 54

A lack of education and training makes them more likely to commit crimes

Front 55

A prisoner that has become "institutionalized" is

Back 55

one like Brooks that comes to know only the prison as a world in which he can live

Front 56

If an episode were to occur on the UT campus like the one that happened at Virginia Tech, who would have the prime responsibility to coordinate the campus response?

Back 56

UTPD Chief Robert Dahlstrom

Front 57

In sports a player may have the option of doing more than one thing at a particular time, if you go to a movie you will have the option of deciding which movie to attend. Identify what this concept is called in corrections and the type of sentencing that favors the concept.

Back 57

discretion and indeterminate sentencing

Front 58

Prison gangs are an immense threat to the safety of prisoners and correctional staff

Back 58

True

Front 59

The largest source of drugs brought into Austin comes from

Back 59

Mexico

Front 60

Approximately how many people does the US have behind bars?

Back 60

2.3 million

Front 61

Which type of cases are heard in federal courts?

Back 61

both criminal and civil cases

Front 62

According to Cole and Smith, what is the biggest barrier to effective justice for state courts?

Back 62

the fragmented structure of the judicial system

Front 63

Which of the following is a goal of a unified court system?

Back 63

creating a separate civil service system run by a state court administrator

Front 64

Which of the following statement is true regarding work as a judge?

Back 64

Judges are usually able to set their own schedule and work hours

Front 65

Which of the following statements is NOT a responsibility performed by judges?

Back 65

making arrests

Front 66

What is the most common method of selection for the job of county prosecutor?

Back 66

elected

Front 67

Which of the following is NOT a name given to a prosecuting attorney?

Back 67

public defender

Front 68

How might public opinion affect a prosecutor's decision to try a certain case?

Back 68

Prosecutors are elected, so their decisions should reflect community values.

Front 69

Which of the following best describes the discretion given to a prosecutor?

Back 69

broad discretion

Front 70

The values and norms shared by members of a particular court community about how cases should be handled, and the way court officials should behave is called the...

Back 70

local legal culture

Front 71

What is the percentage of guilty pleas in most communities?

Back 71

between 60-90%

Front 72

Which best describes how often cases are plea bargained?

Back 72

a vast majority of cases are plea bargained

Front 73

Which of the following is NOT true concerning plea bargaining?

Back 73

offenders who plead guilty to serious charges must wait longer to get in prison counseling, training, and educational programs

Front 74

Punishment that uses imprisonment or execution to prevent a person from committing additional crimes is called...

Back 74

incapacitation

Front 75

Which of the following is NOT true about incarceration?

Back 75

incarceration is inexpensive