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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where is policing rooted
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England
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night watch
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created by Winchester, required all able bodied men to watch town
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Hue and cry principle
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citizens required to aid night watcher if calls for help
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Bow street runners
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formed by chief magistrate of bow street, henry fielding
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John fielding
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father of modern police detective
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before US system was formed
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citizens provided for their own protection
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posse comitaus
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utilized it was the power of force of the community would enforce the law as one required all available citizens to respond and protect
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NYC established what in 1845
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1st police force in America, modeled after London
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patronage system
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a police applicant had to have political friends to become a cop
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reform movement
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august vollmer, father of the modern US policing, wanted to professilize policing
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Dev of forensic science
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use of science to answer questions in an investigation- time, cause, manner of death, and ID victim
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criminalistics
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study of physical evidence related to a crime. criminalist may reconstruct crime scene based on evidence
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Alphonse Bertillon
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father of personal criminal identification, developed anthropomety, system of body measurements
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Francis Galton
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created 1st definitive study of fingerprints, England first to use
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Edmond lochard
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dev exchange principle "there is something to be found"
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what are the 3 criteria of admission of evidence in a court trial
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relavent
material(important or substantial) Evidence must be obtained lawfully |
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search warrants
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necessary to obtail evid related to a crime. no unreasonable search and seizures
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Probable cause
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exsist when enough facts leads to an idea that a crime has been committed
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warrantless searchs
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consent search
stop and frisk plan-veiw exception open fields Inventory searches of impounded |
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mapp vs. Ohio
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can't use illegally obtained evidence
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extraditions
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suspects who are caught in another state has the right to challenge the return to the state where crime occurred.
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corpus delicti evid "body of the crime"
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not literal means the evidence needed to prove a case or charge
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crime scene investigation
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investigator who gathers docs, and evaluates the evidence
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objectives of investigator
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determine if a crime was committed
identify and catch suspect recover stolen property assist prosecutor in prosecuting suspect |
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quality of investgators
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strong self discipline
highly ethical avoid cynicism |
