Criminal Justice

Front 1

Which of the following is not a commonly cited factor for high incarceration rates in the US?

Back 1

Violence in novels and comic books

Front 2

What are the two different philosophies about correctional organizations?

Back 2

Custodial and treatment

Front 3

The "Administrative Maximum" prison or ADX, located in in Florence, Colorado, is:

Back 3

the only federal supermax in the country

Front 4

Studies show that as inmates face greater restrictions and social deprivations, their levels of social withdrawal:

Back 4

increase to tend to result in depression, hostility, severe anger, sleep disturbances, and anxiety

Front 5

Given the negative psychological effects of many forms of long-term supermax confinement, researchers such as Craig Haney believe:

Back 5

all such facilities must implement the best and most humane of the available practices, and strict time limits should be placed on the length of ime that prisoners are housed in supermax.

Front 6

Cooper v Pate was one of the earliest prison cases and is significant because in it the supreme court first recognized:

Back 6

the use of Title 42 United States Code Section 1983 as a legal remedy of inmates

Front 7

Johnson v Avery was one of the first prison related court decisions that involved an alleged violation of a constitutional right - here, the right of:

Back 7

access to the courts

Front 8

in considering censorship of prison inmates' correspondence, the Court based its ruling not on the rights of the prisoner, but instead on:

Back 8

the free-world recipients' right to communicate with the prisoner

Front 9

Cruz v. Beto a supreme court decision involving the right of inmates to exercise their religious beliefs, involved:

Back 9

a Buddhist who was not allowed to use their prison chapel and was placed in solitary confinement for sharing his religious material with other prisoners.

Front 10

Bell v Wolfish, SC found searches of inmates' body cavities to be:

Back 10

proper, saying such practices were reasonable responses to legitimate security concerns

Front 11

Examples of "deliberate indifference" per the SC include all but which of the following

Back 11

requiring a prisoner to ride a prison van to the hospital rather than an ambulance

Front 12

Today, prisoners must be given all but which of the following due process rights?

Back 12

all of the above

Front 13

As with the police, there are several benefits to be realized for corrections agencies wishing to become accredited; they include all but which of the following?

Back 13

cost savings with respect to staff salaries

Front 14

Today's public ideology toward crime has led to _____ sentencing practices?

Back 14

get-tough

Front 15

the "just desserts" theory is based on the idea that:

Back 15

offenders make "free will" decisions to commit crime

Front 16

the state organization that oversees all the prisons is often termed the

Back 16

central office

Front 17

who made the highly publicized finding that, in prison programs, "almost nothing works"?

Back 17

Martinson

Front 18

the drug addicted offenders may receive all but which of the following types of treatment?

Back 18

family counseling

Front 19

what division of a state's central office oversees budget development and new prison construction

Back 19

administrative decision

Front 20

the administration of local jails frequently one of the major tasks of

Back 20

county sheriffs

Front 21

approximately how many locally administered jails are in the US?

Back 21

2,800

Front 22

which of the following is NOT a feature of the direct supervision jail?

Back 22

All blind spots are removed

Front 23

which of the following is not on of the actions that CO's must take in the new direct supervision jails

Back 23

be more highly trained in self-defense

Front 24

______ is seen by many correctional administrators as the major barriers to humane housing of offenders

Back 24

crowding

Front 25

the prison litigation act was enacted in an attempt to

Back 25

decrease frivolous lawsuits brought by inmates

Front 26

which of the following is NOT one of the four main parts of the Prison Litigation Reform Act?

Back 26

Emotional abuse requirement

Front 27

one of the four main parts of the PLRA if filing fee requirement; it mandates

Back 27

that prisoners pay court filing fees in full, even if monthly installments are necessary

Front 28

which of the following cases would be discouraged under the the prison litigation reform act?

Back 28

an inmate sues because he was served cold soup for lunch

Front 29

each frivolous or malicious lawsuit appeal that an inmate files counts as a ____ against the inmate

Back 29

strike

Front 30

according to the _______ of the Prison litigation reform act an inmate cannot file a lawsuit for mental or emotional injury unless he or she can also show physical injury

Back 30

physical injury requirement

Front 31

which of the following is NOT one of the six categories of the administration of probation systems?

Back 31

City

Front 32

a major social problem that prison administrators felt would deal a devastating blow to their inmate populations, but which never materialized, involved:

Back 32

AIDS/HIV

Front 33

which of the following is NOT part of systems theory as applied to probation

Back 33

Linear planning

Front 34

in systems theory, incarcerations rates would be classified as

Back 34

outcomes

Front 35

in systems theory policies and procedures would be classified as

Back 35

resources

Front 36

which of the following is NOT a basic service of parole agencies?

Back 36

parole release

Front 37

according to the systems theory for probation, inputs would include

Back 37

the probationer coming into the office for counseling

Front 38

which of the following is NOT one for the four goals that jails should attempt in preparing inmates for reentry into society?

Back 38

avoid a complex and time consuming intake and assessment process

Front 39

after examining the effects of a supermax prisons, Pizarro et al found all but which of the following to be true?

Back 39

these prisons do not present a danger to society beyond that of regular imprisonment

Front 40

the overriding concern in prisons and jails is, and should be,

Back 40

security

Front 41

Correctional organizations have two related management subsystems: one being that is concerned with managing inmates and the other with managing employees

Back 41

True

Front 42

the purpose of unit management in prisons is twofold: to decentralize the administration of the prison and to enhance communication among the staff and between staff and inmates

Back 42

true

Front 43

today there are over one million people in US prisons and jails

Back 43

true

Front 44

the mission of corrections agencies has changed little over time

Back 44

true

Front 45

there are now about 30 supermax prisons in the US

Back 45

true

Front 46

supermax inmates rarely leave their cells; in most, and hour a day our of cell time

Back 46

true

Front 47

supermax prison inmates are primarily distinguished by their large amount of access to vocational or educational programs

Back 47

false

Front 48

given the high degree of isolation and lack of activities a major concern voiced by critics of supermax facilities is their "social pathology" and potential effect on inmates' mental health

Back 48

true

Front 49

although there is very little research concerning the effects of supermax confinement, some authors point to isolation research that shows far lower levels of problems in such facilities

Back 49

false

Front 50

female inmates living in high security units have been found to experience calustrophobia, chronic rage, depression, haullicination , withdrawal, apathy

Back 50

true

Front 51

because of their relatively recent origin. the constitutionality of supermax prisons has been tested in only a few cases, which resulted in those prisons being shut down.

Back 51

false

Front 52

historically the courts followed a hands off policy regarding prisoners' rights deeming prisoners to be slaves of the state

Back 52

true

Front 53

traditionally the judiciary wanted to tell wardens how to operate their institutions

Back 53

false

Front 54

the mid 1960's brought a change of philosophy in the courts regarding prisoners' rights

Back 54

true

Front 55

prison inmates now retain all the rights of a free citizens except for those restrictions necessary for their orderly confinement

Back 55

true

Front 56

bounds v smith said that prisoners have a constitutional right to adequate law libraries or assistance from persons trained in law

Back 56

true

Front 57

procunier v martinez invalidated prison mail censorship regulations that permitted authorities to hold back or to censor mail to and from prisoners

Back 57

true

Front 58

estelle v gamble was the first major prison medical treatment case decided by the SC and was where the court coined the phrase deliberate indifference

Back 58

true

Front 59

deliberate indifference is where the serious medical needs of prisoners involve the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain

Back 59

true

Front 60

the wolff v mcdonnel decision was significant because for the first time the SC acknowledged that inmates are entitled to certain due process rights - fundamental fairness

Back 60

true

Front 61

ruffin v virginia included the rather famous statement that there is no iron curtain drawn between the constitution ans the prisons of this country

Back 61

false

Front 62

unlike police organizations it is NOT yet possible for corrections organizations to become accredited

Back 62

false

Front 63

since 1978 the American Correctional Association (ACA) has successfully argued against corrections accreditation

Back 63

false

Front 64

the SC's decision in dogg v connelly reinstataed the hands off doctrine on the part of the courts

Back 64

false

Front 65

the prison directors office normally has a legal division

Back 65

true

Front 66

most evaluations of direct supervision jails have been discouraging

Back 66

false

Front 67

the two different views of what a correctional organization should be are the custodial and treatment philosophies

Back 67

true

Front 68

truth in sentencing laws or policies involve restriction or elimination of parole eligibility and good time credits

Back 68

true

Front 69

to qualify for federal truth in sentencing funding, states must require violent offenders to serve at least 45 percent of their prison sentence

Back 69

false

Front 70

Pizzaro et al believe that supermax prisons potentially endanger society, beyond regular imprisonment

Back 70

true

Front 71

when an inmate claims that the conditions of his or her confinement violate the eighth amend he or she must show culpable state of mind on the part of the prison officials

Back 71

true

Front 72

among those reporting to the prison warden are deputy associate wardens for operations, special services, and administration

Back 72

true

Front 73

deputy wardens for operations normally oversee the library, mental health, drug, and alcohol recovery services, education, etc

Back 73

false

Front 74

deputy wardens for special services in prisons oversee correctional security, unit management, the inmate disciplinary committee, and rec

Back 74

false

Front 75

deputy wardens for administration typically manage the business office, prison maintenance, laundry, food service, medical, prison farms, and the issuance of clothing

Back 75

true

Front 76

a prisons correctional security dept is normally the largest dept with 50 to 70 percent of all the staff

Back 76

true

Front 77

the unit management concept now assists nearly every state in controlling prisons

Back 77

true

Front 78

according to the us dept of justice the prison litigation reform act has increased the number of civil rights petitions filed by prison inmates

Back 78

false

Front 79

according to the prison litigation reform act an inmate must first try to resolve his or her complaint through the prisons grievance procedure before filing a lawsuit

Back 79

true

Front 80

using systems theory, probation may be conceptualized as a network for interwoven resources, activities, and outcomes

Back 80

true

Front 81

the administration of probation is much less complex than that of parole

Back 81

false

Front 82

the two basic models for administering parole services are the independent and the consolidated models

Back 82

true

Front 83

jails that are well lit clean and have calming colors will be more comfortable and safer for inmates but have no effect on the transitional or reentry process

Back 83

false

Front 84

in direct supervision jails, inmates are grouped together and placed in pods and officers monitor them from the outside of bars and glass

Back 84

false

Front 85

custody and treatment are complementary in correctional organizations

Back 85

true