Crimes Against National Security And The Law Of Nations

Front 1

TREASON

Back 1

1. Offender is a Filipino or resident alien.
2. There is a war in which the Philippines is involved.
3. Offender either:
a. Levies war against the government.
by actual assesmblying of men.
to execute a treasonable design by force.
with the intent to deliver the country in whole or in part to the enemy.
in collaboration with a foreign enemy or a foreign sovereign.
b. Adheres to the enemies; giving them aid or comfort within the Philippines or elsewhere.

Front 2

CONSPIRACY AND PROPOSAL TO COMMIT TREASON

Back 2

Conspiracy to commit treason:
1. There is a war in which the Philippines is involved.
2. At least two persons come to an agreement to:
a. levy war against the government.
b. adhere to the enemies; giving them aid or comfort.
c. They decide to commit it

Proposal to commit treason
1. There is a war in which the Philippines is involved.
2. At least two persons come to an agreement to:
a. levy war against the government.
b. adhere to the enemies; giving them aid or comfort.
3. He proposes its execution to some other persons.

Front 3

MISPRISION OF TREASON

Back 3

1. Offender owes allegiance to the government and not a foreigner.
2. He has knowledge of conspiracy to commit treason against the government.
3. He conceals or does not disclose and make known the same as soon as possible to the governor or fiscal of the province in which he resides, or the mayor or fiscal of the city in which he resides.

Front 4

ESPIONAGE

Back 4

1. By ntering without authority a warship, fort, naval, or military establishment or reservation to obtain any information, plans, photographs or any data of a confidential nature relative to the defense of the Philippines.
2. By disclosing to the representative of foreign nation the contents of the articles, data or information referred to in the first paragraph, which he had in his possession by reason of the public office he holds,

Front 5

INCITING TO WAR OR GIVING MOTIVES FOR REPRISALS

Back 5

1. Offender performs unlawful or unauthorized acts
2. The acts provoke or give occasion for:
a. a war involving or liable to involve the Philippines; or
b. Exposure of Filipino citizens to reprisals on their persons or property.

Front 6

VIOLATION OF NEUTRALITY

Back 6

1. There is a war in which the Philippines is not involved.
2. There is a regulation issued by a competent authority to enforce neutrality;
3. Offender violates the regulation.

Front 7

CORRESPONDENCE WITH HOSYILE COUNTRY

Back 7

1. It is in time of war in which the Philippines is involved.
2. Offender makes correspondence with an enemy territory or country occupied by enemy troops;
3. The correspondence is either:
a. prohibited by the government
b. carried on in ciphers or conventional signs; or
c. containing notice or information which might be useful to the enemy.

Front 8

FLIGHT TO ENEMY'S COUNTRY

Back 8

1. There is a war in which the Philippines is involved.
2. Offender must be owing allegiance to the government.
3. Offender attempts to flee or go to enemy country.
4. Going to the enemy country is prohibited by competent authority.

Front 9

PIRACY IN GENERAL OR MUTINY ON THE HIGH SEAS OR IN PHILIPPINE WATERS

Back 9

Piracy
1. The vessel is on the high seas or Philippine waters.
2. Offenders are neither members of its complement; nor, passengers of the vessel.
3. Offenders either:
a. attack or seize a vessel on the high seas or in Philippine waters; or
b. seize in the vessel;while on the high seas or in Philippine waters, the whole or part of its cargo, its equipment or personal belongings of its complement or passengers.
3. There is intent to gain.
Mutiny
The unlawful resistance to a superior officer or the raising of commotions and disturbances aboard a ship against the authority of its commander.
1. 1. The vessel is on the high seas or Philippine waters.
2. Offenders are either members of its complement; or, passengers of the vessel.
3. Offenders either:
a. attack or seize thevessel; or
b. seize the whole or part of the cargo; its equipment, or personal belongings of the crew or passengers.

Front 10

QUALIFIED PIRACY

Back 10

1. The vessel is on the high seas or Philippine waters.
2. Offenders may or may not be members of its complement or passengers of the vessel.
3. Offenders either:
a. attack or seize the vessel.
b. seize the whole or part of the cargo; its equipment, or personal belongings of the crew or passengers.
4. Committed under any of the following circumstances:
a. whenever they have seized a vessel by boarding or firing upon the same.
b. whenever the pirates have abandoned their victims without means of saving themselves; or
c. whenever the crime is accompanied by murder, homocide, physical injuries, or rape.