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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charlesworth: Right Realist |
Used ethnography to research effects of poverty and unemployment on people living in council estates in Rotherham. He found many suffered depression, robbed of identity, signs of anti-social underclass behaviour. Only some were motivated to commit crimes. |
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Mac An Ghail (1982, 92) : Interactionism |
Found racial labelling within schools. Teachers had low expectations of black students and white working class boys. The views mirror that of those in authorities positions in the CJS. |
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Henry & Milovanvic (1996) : Post-Modernism |
Studied how crime needs to change and be reconceptualised as people causing harm and threats. The increase in diversity has provoked this type of behaviour. He found 2 types of harm: harms of repression and harms of reduction. |
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Levin & McDevitt (2008) : Post-Modernism |
Studied how hate crimes derive from excitement and on escape from everyday routines by inflicting suffering on those they see as different |
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Pearson (1983) : Age & Crime |
Found how young people have always formed the largest groups of criminals |
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Cooper & Roe (2012) : Age & Crime |
Found 10-17 year olds commit 1/4 of all recorded crime |
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Roe & Ashe (2008) : Age & Crime |
Found 22% of 10-25 year olds admitted to at least 1 of 20 core offences in the previous year |
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Smart (1976) : Feminism |
Found women offenders are often seen as double deviants. They not only break the law but breach traditional gender roles, and offences are more highly stigmatised than those committed by men |
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Phil Cohen (1972) : Neo-Marxism/Subcultural Theory |
Studied 1970s skinheads and proposed the skinhead style was a symbolic reaction to the decline of working class communities eg their dress exaggerated working class aggression. Their anti-immigration stance was a reaction to the decline of white working class neighbourhoods |
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Burman et al: Gender & Crime |
Studied a group of teenage girls in Glasgow and found that 98.5% of girls had witnessed first hand some form of interpersonal physical violence, 70% had witnessed first-hand 5+ of such incidents. 75% knew someone who had been physically hurt by violence. Only 10% of girls reported having committed types of physically violent acts |
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Winlow: Gender & Crime |
Studied masculinity in Sunderland and found most working class men traditionally expressed masculine values through the work they did, opportunities for crime were fairly low and violence rare.
The 1980s mass employment meant many couldn't work, this made working class men increasingly violent and offered a release of their boredom and provided an access to status.
She found criminality is an entrepreneurial concern - a means of making money. |
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Waddington et al (2004): Ethnicity & Crime |
Watched CCTV footage of police officers and interviewed officers about their stop and searches. They found although a disproportionate number of ethnic minority youth were stopped, this was a realistic reflection of the type of people who were on the streets in high crime areas. Stop and searches were not shaped by racial prejudice. |
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Dobash & Dobashi : Victimology/Gender & Crime |
Conducted a victim survey (109 unstructured interviews) with women who had experienced domestic violence in Scotland 1980. 42 of the women were/had been living in a women's refuge. They found 23% had experienced violence before marriage. 77% had not experienced violence and when they identified anger in men they saw it as a positive indicator. They found such violence became routine. |
