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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was special about the election of 1824?
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-majority of states allowed voters to chooose their presidential electors directly
-also less voter support for candidates nominated by party leaders |
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in earlier elections these had chosen their parties' nominee
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congressional caucuses
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Who were the candidates for the Election of 1824?
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John Quincy Adams, Henry Clary, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson
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What did the Election of 1824 bring about?
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the demise of the caucus system
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Who won the most popular and electoral votes in the Election of 1824? How come that wasn't enough to be President?
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Andrew Jackson
It wasn't a majority |
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What was the "Corrupt Bargain"?
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The Speaker of the House was Henry Clay. He put Adams in the President's seat. Adams put Clay in as Secretary of State
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What happened during John Quincy Adams' presidency?
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The Congress was largely against him so he ended up not being able to accomplish anything
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The coalition put together to help Jackson win the next election
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The present day democratic party
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a pamphlet which released which accused Jackson of murdering his enlisted men during the Indian wars
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Coffin Handbill
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What created the modern political campaign?
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The campaigns of Adams vs. Jackson
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trading jobs for political favors
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spoils system
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What was the age of Jackson's presidency called
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Jacksonian democracy
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the extension of voting rights to all white males (even those who don't own property)
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universal white manhood suffrage
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Jackson's most highly criticized move (in today's standards)
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Indian Removal Act
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What did Jefferson believe was the key to coexist with the Native Americans?
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That Native Americans "learned to live on less land"`
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What caused Americans to suddenly want Cherokee land?
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There was gold found there
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What were the two cases over the Cherokee land? Who did they favor?
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Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Worcester v. Georgia The Cherokees |
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Who said
"John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it" |
Andrew Jackson
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What was a major issue of Jackson's presidency? What caused it?
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Nullification
Tariff of 1828 |
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What was the Tariff of 1828 also known as?
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Tariff of Abominations
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What were some of the many things that Jackson did in office?
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-excessive use of veto
-fought against reform and the bank -released the Specie Circular |
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ended the policy of selling government land on credit (buyers had to pay hard cash)
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Specie Circular
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What did the Specie Circular cause?
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a money shortage
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A preacher had a vision that his black libertarian movement would succeed. So he killed 60 white people
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Nat Turner's Rebellion
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What was the effect of Nat Turner's Rebellion?
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-200 slaves (some unconnected) were killed
-the black codes were passed |
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prohibited blacks from congregating and learning to read
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black codes
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What was one thing the Whigs had in common?
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They didn't like the Democrats' policies
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Why was Martin van Buren an unfortunate president?
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He took office right when there was an economic crisis. And furthered it by continuing Jackson's hard currency policy
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Who took over van Buren?
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William Henry Harrison
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What happened during Harrison's presidency?
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He died of pneumonia and his vice Tyler took over
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Who was the "President without a party"? Why?
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John Tyler. He did the exact opposite of the Whigs often, and his cabinet members and parties alienated him
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What was the market like before the 1800s?
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It was mostly bartering
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people trade their labor or goods for cash, which they then use to buy other people's labor or goods
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market economy
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What do market economies favor? A farmer who specializes or a farmer who grows a variety?
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Specializes
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What is the trade off of the market economy?
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They are no longer self-sufficient
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What are the pros and cons of market economies? What is this called collectively?
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-provide more service and grow more quickly
-more prone to change and can throw halts and skids very well Boom-and-bust cycles |
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revolutionized Sothern agriculture by making it easier to remove seeds from cotton plants
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cotton gin
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What did Eli Whitney create?
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-cotton gin
-interchangeable parts |
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What did interchangeable parts create?
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the machine-tool industry
assembly line production |
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What did the invention of the power loom do?
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women bought fabric instead of making it because it was cheap and high quality
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most famous worker-enticement program
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Lowell system (Waltham system)
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Which industries sprung up as a result of the textile industry?
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clothing manufacturer
retailers brokers commercial banks transportation industry |
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Which two routes of transportation made traveling easier?
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National Road
Erie Canal |
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What happened to the other places that tried to imitate the Erie Canal?
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They failed
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What two modes of transportation were created?
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railroad and steamships
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What came in handy as a result of the increase in transportation?
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the telegraph
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What caused New England to quit farming and some others to move to cities?
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New England's rocky ground a depleted soil were not compatible with the new tools of the time
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What was a major cash crop in the Deep South? Upper South?
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cotton
tobacco |
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What kind of plantations were the cash crop plantations?
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Small farmers with no slaves
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belief that Amerca had a God-given right to the Western territories
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America's Manifest Destiny
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What happened to Texas?
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Mexico opened up land and American cattle ranchers flooded the area but didn't concede to become citizens or obey laws such as no slaves
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Which foreign powers besides America were claiming Oregon?
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Native Americans, British, and Russians
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What were the sections of America like and how did they view slavery?
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North- highey industrialized; didn't like slavery
South- agrarian; depended on slavery West- commercial farming, fur trapping, and real-estate speculation; wanted to stay out of it |
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What are several generalizations about tariffs?
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North and republicans would like tariffs, south and democrats wouldn't.
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What were three advantages of city-life?
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-more jobs
-more opportunities for social advancement -more leisure-time options |
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men should work while women devote themselves to homemaking
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cult of domesticity
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Who were those most often in poverty?
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recent immigrants
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Where were the most immigrants coming from at this time?
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Ireland and Germany
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wealthiest Southern citizens consisted mainly of plantation owners
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planter aristocracy
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belief that the slave system benefitted all participants, including slaves
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southern paternalism
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What state did slaves live in economically?
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subsistence poverty
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How did slaves learn to live in those conditions?
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Developed their own culture which was a mix of Africa and Christianity
Violated rules subtly |
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farmers that owned no slaves and worked their small tracts of land with only their families
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yeoman farmers
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farmed as tenants or hired themselves out as manual laborers
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landless whites
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What was the difficulty level of becoming a landless white to a yeoman farmer?
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very difficult
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prevented free blacks from owning guns, drinking liquor, and assembling in groups bigger than three (except church)
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black codes
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ignored the requirement to buy land and simply moved onto unoccupied tract on their own
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squatters
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What was Ohio Valley's land good for?
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grain production
dairy farming |
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Another name for fur-traders
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over-mountain men
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How did the West come to symbolize freedom and equality?
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possibilies for advancement and getting a new start on life
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was a period of religious revival, mainly among Methodists, Presbyterians, and Baptists
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Second Great Awakening
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movements which tried to encourage people to sign the pledge not to drink or sought outright prohibition
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Temperence societies
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a society that focussed on not only eliminating prostitution but also rehabilitating the women involved
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The Female Moral Reform Society
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What did Dorothea Dix do?
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Established penitentiaries (that reformed criminals), asylums, and orphanages
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splinter from the Quakers, that was highly involved with their afterlife, swore celibacy
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Shakers
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What are some other utopian groups?
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Oneida and New Harmony`
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a group of nonconformist Unitarian writers and philosophers who drew their inspiration from European romanticism
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Transcendentalists
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Name some Transcendentalists
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Nathaniel Hawthorne
Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau |
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Who held the Seneca Falls convention?
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Lucretia Mott |
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What did Stanton and Mott write?
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Declaration of Rights and Sentiments of Women
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Stanton would team up with Susan B. Anthony to create:
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National Women Suffrage Association
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was instrumental in pushing for public education and education reform in general
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Horace Mann
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Who said:
"Education is the great equalizer" |
Horace Mann
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What were the two groups of white abolitionists?
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Moderates
Immediatists |
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Who published the newspaper, the Liberator?
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William Lloyd Garrison
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supressed discussion of the issue of slavery
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gag rule
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How long did the gag rule last?
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1836 to 1844
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published The North Star
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Frederick Douglas
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three blacks who helped with the abolition movement
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Frederick Douglas
Harriet Tubman Sojourner Truth |
