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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of immune response does anaphylaxis produce?
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IgE
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What are the most common causes of anaphylaxis?
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food, medications, insect bites, and latex
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What foods are most commonly involved with IgE rxns?
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shell fish
peanuts tree nuts |
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What meds are most often involved in IgE rxns?
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ASA
PCN IV Dye |
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Prior exposure to an antigen leads to __ and __ to be sensitized.
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mast cells
basophiles |
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What types of allergic mediators are released in an IgE rxn?
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histamine, inc. cap. perma.=angioedema
Leukotrienes, inc. periph. vasodialation=urticaria Prostaglandins, dec. smooth muscle tone=hypotension |
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A release of histamine causes what tissue changes? This results in what symptoms?
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Inc. capillary permeability results in angioedema
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A release of Leukotrienes causes what tissue changes? This results in what symptoms?
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Inc. peripheral vasodialation results in Urticaria
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A release of Prostaglandins causes what tissue changes? This results in what symptoms?
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Decreased smooth muscle tone results in hypotension
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What are some dx/dx of anaphylaxis?
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shock (multiple types), hypoglycemia, epiglottitis, panic attack, asthma, FB in airway, Red Man's Syndrome
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What initial labs/radiology should be done for someone with anaphylaxis?
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none stupid, treat first ask questions later
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After initial stabilization, what labs/radiology tests can/should be performed?
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ABG's
CBC CMP CXR Neck films Plasma histamine levels RAST-later |
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What is the initial treatment of anaphylaxis?
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O2, IV, Monitor, prepare airway management equipment, trendelburg position, IV bolus
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What medications should be given emergently?
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Epi 1:1000, 0.3cc's SC or IM
Antihistamine (H1 and H2) Benadryl 50mg IV (H1) Zantac 300mg IV (H2) Albuterol 0.083% nebulized Methylprednisone 125mg IV (for delayed reactions) not immediately helpful |
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What preventative measures should be taken in pt's with anaphylaxis?
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Pt. education in avoidance of antigens
Prescribe epi-pen Prescribe antihistamine Referral to allergist Medic alert bracelet |
