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236 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How often do you change Scopolamine patch?
|
Q3 days
|
|
How do you use Scopolamine patch?
|
Place behind the ear, 4H prior to travel.
|
|
What are the routes of admin for Epinephrine?
|
IM, IV, SC
|
|
What is the DoC for cocaine overdose/hypertensive crisis?
|
Phentolamine (Regitine)
|
|
BP goal for patients with CAD
|
<130/80
|
|
BP goal for patients with CHF
|
<120/80
|
|
What forms does Diuril come in?
|
Chlorothiazide; tabs, susp, and IV (only thiazide in injectable)
|
|
What are the SE of Thiazides?
|
Decreases Mg, K, Na, Cl.
Increases Ca, Uric Acid, Glucose, and Lipids. Rash, Sulfa allergy, Preg Cat. D |
|
Can you use Thiazides in patients with renal failure (CrCl<30mL/min)?
|
No.
|
|
Can you use Thiazide-like diuretics for renal patients?
|
Yes. Metolazone (Zaroxolyn, Mykrox) and Indapamide (Lozol).
|
|
What forms does Lasix come in?
|
IV, IM, PO (tabs, oral solution)
|
|
SE for LOOP diuretics?
|
Decrease in Mg, K, Ca, Na, Cl.
Increase in Uric Acid, Lipids, Glucose. Rash, Lupus, Ototoxicity. |
|
Can you use a LOOP diuretic for patients with Sulfa allergy?
|
Yes, Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin).
|
|
What diuretics are used in Renal patients?
|
LOOPS
|
|
List the Potassium-Sparing diuretics
|
ATSE
Amiloride (Midamor) Triamterene (Dyrenium) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Eplerenone (Inspra) |
|
Aldactone Side Effects?
|
Gynecomastia & Hirsutism (similar to ketoconazole & cimetidine)
|
|
What are the 2 diuretics used for end-stage HF?
|
Spironolactone & Eplerenone
|
|
What is the dosing for Inspra? Contraindicated in what?
|
HTN: up to 50mg BID.
CHF: 50mg QD CI: K > 5.5mEq/L CrCl <30mL/min Strong inhibitors |
|
SE for K-Sparing diuretics?
|
Increase in K
Decrease in Na Rash and Headache |
|
What is the DoC (diuretic) for Hypercalcemia?
|
Loops
|
|
What are the Beta Blockers used for CHF?
|
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metoprolol succinate (Toprol) Bisoprolol (Zebeta) |
|
What is the only Beta blocker used for HTN emergency and/or SVT?
|
Esmolol (Breviblock)
|
|
What beta blockers are taken with food?
|
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metoprolol (Lopressor) Propranolol (Inderal) |
|
What is the only Beta blocker used for arrythmias?
|
Sotalol (Betapace)
|
|
Can you use Bystolic for renal patients?
|
Dose adjust if CrCl <30mL/min
|
|
What Beta Blockers can you use for patients with Asthma/COPD?
|
Atenolol, Metoprolol, Esmolol, Bisoprolol, Betaxolol, Bystolic, Acebutolol
|
|
What Beta Blockers come in IV?
|
Metoprolol, Atenolol, Labetalol, Esmolol, Propranolol
|
|
SE for Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)?
|
Flushing, Constipation, Bilateral Edema, Gingival Hyperplasia
|
|
Are CCB's substrates, inhibitors or inducers?
|
Subtrate and Inhibitor
|
|
What is Nimodipine used for? Contraindicated in what allergy?
|
Subarachonoid hemorrhage; soy & egg allergy
|
|
How long can you use Cleviprex after puncturing the stopper?
|
4 hours then discard
|
|
What are the indications for Nicardipine?
|
Nicardipine SR = only for HTN.
Cardene = angina, CHF |
|
What CCB can be used for CHF?
|
Nicardipine (Cardene) since it does not decrease myocardial contractility
|
|
What is the DoC for Prinzmetal angina and Reynaud's Phenomenon?
|
Calcium Channel Blockers
|
|
Can you crush Plendil?
|
No, because it is an extended release tablet
|
|
Can you cut Toprol XL?
|
Yes, even if it's an extended release tab.
|
|
What is the indication for Nifedipine IR?
|
Angina and Reynaud's
|
|
How do you give Captopril?
|
BID/TID bec of its short half-life and on EMPTY stomach
|
|
What ACE Inh can you give to patients with renal failure?
|
Moexipril (Univasc)
Fosinopril (Monopril) |
|
What are the contraindications for using ACE Inh?
|
Renal failure (SCr >3mg/dL)
Renal artery stenosis = Hyperkalemia Pregnancy Cat. D |
|
What is the DoC for African-Americans?
|
CCB and diuretics
|
|
ACE Inh is the DoC for what?
|
DM, CHF, MI
|
|
What happens when a patient is taking both ACE Inh and Lithium?
|
Lithium levels increase by 300% bec ACE Inh decreases levels of Na.
|
|
What is Tekturna? SE?
|
Aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor; diarrhea.
|
|
What is the dosing for Tekturna?
|
150mg or 300mg QD
|
|
Can you use Uroxatral for renal patients
|
Alfuzosin has to be used with caution in patients with CrCl <30mL/min
|
|
Can you use Silodosin for renal patients?
|
Silodosin (Rapaflo)
4mg daily with meals if CrCl = 30-50mL/min; don't use for CrCl <30mL/min |
|
What is the other name for Cialis?
|
Tadalafil (generic)
Adcirca, 40mg for pulmonary HTN |
|
What is Vardenafil?
|
Levitra
|
|
What are the other names for Sildenafil?
|
Viagra
Revatio, 20mg TID for pulmonary HTN |
|
What is Caverject? Dosing?
|
Alprostadil for erectile dysfunction given as a 2.5mcg injection. Max: 60mcg no more than 3x QW.
|
|
What is Muse?
|
Alprostadil pellet, no more than BID
|
|
Which alpha adrenergic blockers are also 3A4 substrates?
|
Alfuzosin (Uroxatral) and Silodosin (Rapaflo)
|
|
What are the indications for Guanfacine?
|
Tenex, for HTN
Intuniv, for ADHD. |
|
What is Aldomet? SE?
|
Methyldopa
SE: ***CALL Colitis Anemia Liver, Lupus |
|
Major SE for Reserpine?
|
Depression
|
|
What is Apresoline?
|
Hydralazine
|
|
What is Loniten?
|
Minoxidil; Rogaine, OTC for hair growth
|
|
What is Lotrel?
|
Benazepril and Amlodipine
|
|
What is Exforge?
|
Valsartan and Amlodipine
|
|
What is Lexxel?
|
Enalapril and felodipine
|
|
What is Tarka?
|
Trandolapril and Verapamil
|
|
What is Ziac?
|
Bisoprolol and HCTZ
|
|
What is Azor?
|
Amlodipine and Olmesartan
|
|
What is Twynsta?
|
Telmisartan and Amlodipine
|
|
HTN medications used for pregnant patients?
|
Hydralazine
Labetalol Methyldopa Nifedipine |
|
What are signs and sympoms of end organ damage present in HTN emergencies?
|
Brain: severe HA/neuro S/S
Heart: angina/shortness of breath/EKG changes Eyes: Papilledema/blurry vision Kidneys: major acute renal dysfunction |
|
What's the goal BP reading when dealing with HTN emergency?
|
Decrease BP by 10-15% or DPB 110
|
|
What are the drugs used for HTN urgencies?
|
Captopril
Labetalol Amlodipine Clonidine |
|
What are the meds used for HTN emergency (IV drugs)?
|
Sodium nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress)
Cleviprex Labetalol Esmolol (Brevibloc), Enalapril Nitroglycerin,Nicardipine Fenoldopam(Corlopam) Phentolamine |
|
What is the antidote for cyanide poisoning?
|
Sodium nitrate + sodium thiosulfate
|
|
What forms does Hydralazine come in?
|
Tabs, IV, IM
|
|
What are the therapuetic levels for Digoxin in CHF?
|
0.5 - 0.8 mg/mL
|
|
What are the therapeutic levels of Digoxin when treating arrythmias?
|
0.8 - 2.0 mg/mL
|
|
What drugs displace Digoxin?
|
Verapamil
Amiodarone Quinidine |
|
What is the half-life of Digoxin?
|
36 hours
|
|
What is the dosing for Digoxin?
|
Loading dose
1st: 0.5mg IV 2nd & 3rd: 0.25mg IV Maintenance dose 0.125mg to 0.375mg IV or PO |
|
What drugs have an additive effect on Digoxin?
|
Verapamil
Beta Blockers Amiodaron Diltiazem |
|
What are the signs of Digoxin toxicity?
|
Xanthopsia (yellow vision)
***M-DANS Muscle weakness Diarrhea Anorexia N/V Somnolence |
|
What do you give to bind Digoxin?
|
Digibind (38mg/vial)
Digifab (40mg/vial) - powders in the fridge. |
|
What is the DoC for AV block?
|
Atropine 0.5 - 1.0mg IV; avoid dosing <0.5mg bec it will give the opposite effect
|
|
What is Inocor? Points to remember?
|
Inamrinone (Inocor) is an inotropic agent
Points: Comes IV, contraindicated in SULFA allergy SE: ***TNV Thrombocytopenia N/V |
|
What are the SE and contraindications of Inamrinone?
|
Thrombocytopenia
N/V CI: Sulfa allergy |
|
What is Primacor?
|
Milrinone
|
|
Contraindications for using ACE Inh
|
SCr >2.5mg/dL
Angioedema pregnancy |
|
What is Natrecor?
|
Nesiritide causes diuresis and vasodilation; it is a recombinant form of BNP
|
|
What does a high BNP signify?
|
CHF
|
|
What is the DoC for PSVT?
|
Adenosine (Adenocard), given as rapid IV push (0.6mg then 12mg)
|
|
What class does Quinidine belong? What is it used for?
|
Class IA
Used for atrial and ventricular arrythmias |
|
What are the SE for Quinidine?
|
***D-CAT
Diarrhea Cinchonism Anemia Thrombocytopenia |
|
Therapeutic levels for Quinidine?
|
2-5mcg/mL
|
|
SE for Pronestyl?
|
Procainamide (Pronestyl)
ANA + Lupus like syndrome Agranulocytosis Hypotension/Bradycardia |
|
Therapeutic levels for Pronestyl?
|
4-10mcg/mL
|
|
What drugs belong to Class IB?
|
Phenytoin
Mexilitine (Mexitil) Lidocaine Tocainide (Tonocard) |
|
What drugs belong to Class IA?
|
Quinidine
Disopyramide (Norpace) Amiodarone Procainamide (Pronestyl) |
|
What drugs belong to Class IC?
|
Propafenone (Rythmol)
Amiodarone Morizicine (Ethmozine) Flecainide (Tambocor) |
|
What is the dosing for Lidocaine? What is the therapeutic plasma level?
|
IV bolus: 1mg/kg
IV infusion: 1-4 mg/min Plasma levels: 1-5mcg/mL |
|
What group do Beta Blockers belong to for treating arrythmias?
|
Group II
|
|
Group III Anti-Arrythmic medications
|
K Channel blockers (IASD2)
|
|
What is Corvert?
|
Ibutilide, Grp III Anti-arrythmic
|
|
What is Betapace? Can you use it for renal patients?
|
Sotalol, Grp III Anti-Arrythmic; dose adjust if CrCl<60mL/min
|
|
What is Multaq? Dosing?
|
Dronedarone
400mg BID with food |
|
What is Dofetilide? Who can give it? Can be used by renal patients?
|
Tikosyn; must be given by prescribers who have received education; CI if CrCl<20mL/min
|
|
PTT is monitored when using what?
|
Heparin
|
|
INR is monitored when using what?
|
Warfarin
|
|
Therapeutic PTT level?
|
45s - 70s
|
|
Therapeutic INR?
|
2.0 - 3.0
|
|
Therapeutic INR for patients with mechanical or prosthetic heart valves?
|
2.5 - 3.5
|
|
List all the thrombolytic agents (6)
|
Alteplase - Activase (t-PA/rt-PA)
Anistreplase - Eminase (APSAC) Reteplase - Retavase (r-PA) Streptokinase - Streptase (SK) Tenetaplase - TNKase (TNK-tPA) Urokinase - Abbokinase |
|
All thrombolytic agents come in what form?
|
Thrombolytics come in IV form
|
|
Points to remember with Streptokinase?
|
Streptokinase (Streptase)
Antigenic - if given again, the body will attack it Do a skin test first Use within 8 hurs of reconstitution DO NOT SHAKE THE VIAL |
|
Heparin indications?
|
Prophylaxis of DVT & PE
Thrombosis and/or embolism Clotting prevention |
|
What is Abbokinase?
|
Urokinase
|
|
Which Thrombolytic agents are tissue specific?
|
Alteplase (Activase, t-PA)
Retaplase (Retavase, r-PA) Tenecteplase |
|
Patient is on oral anticoagulant and heparin use 2 days ago. Is it okay to give Thrombolytics?
|
No.
|
|
Patient has BP>185/110 mmHG. Is it okay to give a thrombolytic?
|
No.
|
|
t-PA comes in what form?
|
IV
|
|
Can you give aspirin with t-PA?
|
No, don't give patient aspirin within 24 use from use of t-PA.
|
|
Dose of r-PA for acute myocardial infarction?
|
10U IV over 2 min followed by a 2nd dose 30 minutes later
|
|
Retavase is produced from?
|
E. coli
|
|
Retaplase can be used within how many hours of reconstitution?
|
4H
|
|
Streptokinase dosing for AMI?
|
1.5 MU IV over 60 minutes
|
|
Streptokinase dosing for PE?
|
3.0 MU IV over 24 hours
|
|
Brand names for Amiodarone?
|
Cordarone
Pacerone |
|
Amiodarone indications?
|
Atrial arrythmias
Unapproved: refractory atrial fibrillation |
|
Oral dose for Amiodarone?
|
LD: 800 - 1600 mg x 3 weeks
MD: 200 - 600mg |
|
IV dose for Amiodarone?
|
150mg IV bolus, 1mg/min x 6 hours then 0.5mg/min x 18 hours
|
|
What is the recommended concentration for Amiodarone?
|
1-6mg/mL
|
|
Amiodarone SE?
|
***SHAPPE
Smurfing Hepatotoxicity AV blockage/Bradycardia Photosensitivity Pulmofibrosis Eyes - check |
|
What is the half life for Amiodarone?
|
30-60 days
|
|
Dosing for Heparin IV infusion?
|
IV bolus: 5,000-10,000 bolus
IV infusion: 1,000 depending on patient's PTT |
|
Weight based dosing for Heparin?
|
LD: 50 - 80 U/kg
MD: 15 - 20 U/kg/hr |
|
Patient who is on a Heparin weight based IV infusion has a PTT reading of 32s. What should you recommend?
|
Give another bolus dose of 80 U/kg, and increase infusion rate by 4 U/kg/hr
|
|
Patient on a weight-based Heparin IV infusion has an aPTT of 40s; what would you do?
|
Give another bolus dose of 40U and increase infusion rate by 2 U/kg/hr
|
|
Patient on a weight-based Heparin IV infusion has an aPTT of 50s; what would you do?
|
No action needed.
|
|
Patient on a weight-based Heparin IV infusion has an aPTT of 75s; what would you do?
|
Decrease infusion rate by 2 U/kg/hr
|
|
Patient on a weight-based Heparin IV infusion has an aPTT of 91s; what would you do?
|
Hold infusion by 1Hr, then decrease infusion rate by 3 U/kg/hr
|
|
Patient is on Heparin and a couple of OTC products. Which herbal products should the patient avoid?
|
Ginger, garlic, Ginko
Horse chestnut Vit. E Feverfew |
|
What Cephalosporins increase the risk of bleeding?
|
Cefmandole
Cefmetazole Cefoperazone Cefotetan |
|
What thyroid medications increase the risk of bleeding?
|
Methimazole
Propylthiouracil |
|
What is the normal platelet count?
|
150,000 - 400,00 mm
|
|
What can you use to prevent or treat thrombosis in patients with HIT?
|
Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
Bivalrudin (Angiomax) Agatroban (Novastin) Lepirudin (Refludin) |
|
List all the low molecular weight heparins
|
Fondaparinux (Arixtra)
Ardeparin (Normiflo) - Q12H Dalterparin (Fragmin) - QD Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Tinzaparin (Innohep) |
|
How do you give low molecular weight heparins?
|
All are given SC
|
|
What is Enoxaparin?
|
Lovenox
|
|
What is Tinzaparin?
|
Innohep
|
|
Max number of days for Arixtra use?
|
32 days
|
|
Can you use Arixtra for renal patients?
|
Contraindicated in CrCl<30mL/min
|
|
Dosing for Arixtra?
|
Prevention: 2.5 SC QD
Treatment: 5 - 10 SC QD |
|
Lovenox dose for DVT Px in hip/knee replacement
|
30mg SC Q12H x 7 - 10 days
|
|
Lovenox dose for DVT Px in immobility or abdomen surgery
|
40mg SC QD (if CrCl<30mL/min, reduce dose to 30mg QD)
|
|
Lovenox dose for PE/DVT treatment?
|
1mg/kg Q12H until warfarin overlap (CrCl<30mL/min, give 1mg/kg QD)
|
|
Where do you store Lovenox?
|
Shelf! Room Temperature!!!!
|
|
Which Low Molecular Weight Heparins are contraindicated in pork allergy?
|
Ardeparin
Dalteparin Enoxaparin |
|
Which Low Molecular Weight Heparins are contraindicated in sulfa allergy?
|
Ardeparin
|
|
What do you need to monitor with LMWH use?
|
CBC @ baseline
Hemoglobin (Hgb) Hematocrit (Hct) Platelet |
|
DoC for LMWH overdose?
|
Protamine
|
|
Protamine dose as antidote?
|
Heparin: 1mg for 90U of beef hep
1mg for 115U of pork Dalteparin & Arderparin 1mg/100U Enoxaparin 1mg for 1mg |
|
What drugs increase bleeding with Warfarin?
|
Glucocorticosteroids
Alcohol Salicylate |
|
What drugs decrease effectiveness of Warfarin?
|
Rifampin
OCP Phenytoin Estrogen |
|
Patient is on Warfarin and has UTI. Which Abx should not be given?
|
Bactrim DS bec any sulfa drug will displace Warfarin therefore increasing its concentration.
|
|
What is the drug used to reverse effects of Warfarin?
|
Vit K; if INR is 5-9 with high risk of bleeding give:
1 - 2.5mg Vit. K Rx Vit K comes in 5mg tabs |
|
What is ReoPro?
|
Abciximab; GPIIb/IIIa; IV infusion
|
|
What is Integrilin? Form?
|
Eptifabatide; IV infusion
|
|
What is Aggrastat? Form?
|
Tirofiban; IV infusion
|
|
What is Pletal? Dose?
|
Cilostazol; 100mg BID
|
|
What is Plavix?
|
Clopidogrel
|
|
What is Ticlid? Dose?
|
Ticlodipine; 250mg BID with food
|
|
What is Effient? Dose?
|
Prasugrel, 10mg QD
|
|
What do you worry about with the use of Ticlid?
|
Neutropenia; watch out for fever, chills, sore throat. Check CBC
|
|
What is Persantine?
|
Dipyridamole; reversible inhibitor of platelet aggregation.
|
|
What is Aggrenox?
|
Aspirin + Dipyridamole, 1 cap BID
|
|
What is the LDL goal for patients with CHD and DM?
|
<70
|
|
Normal LDL optimal levels?
|
<100
|
|
What is Questran?
|
Cholestyramine
|
|
What is Colestid? Max Dose?
|
Colestipol
Powder: 5mg/packet; Max: 30mg Tab: 2gm/tab; Max: 16 grams |
|
What is Welchol? Max dose?
|
Cholesevelam
Tabs: 3 tabs BID Max: 7 tabs |
|
What is the normal TG level?
|
<150
|
|
Can Welchol increase TG?
|
Yes, esp when given with insulin or sulfonylureas
|
|
SE for Niacin?
|
Flushing and Itching
GI distress Increases (HUG) Hepatotoxicity, Uric Acid, Glucose |
|
Patient counseling on Niacin
|
Give with food
Titrate slowly Take 325mg 30-60 min prior |
|
Max dose for regular Niacin?
|
4.5 grams QD
|
|
Max dose for Niaspan ER?
|
2 grams QD
|
|
What is Simcor?
|
Simvastatin + Niacin
|
|
What is Advicor?
|
Lovastatin + Niacin
|
|
How should a patient take Mevacor?
|
Lovastatin should be taken with food.
|
|
What is Crestor? Max dose?
|
Rosuvastatin
Max: 40mg |
|
Can you use Crestor in renal patients? What if patient is on Lopid?
|
Yes, but max dose is 10mg/d
|
|
What is the max dose for Zocor if patient is on Diltiazem?
|
40mg
|
|
Max dose of Zocor is 10mg if patient is on what other medications?
|
Lopid
Danazole Cyclosporine |
|
What is Livalo? Max dose? What about in renal patients?
|
Pitavastatin
Max: 4mg Renal patients, max: 2mg |
|
What is Caduet?
|
Amlodipine + Atorvastatin
|
|
Which Statins need to be given QHS?
|
Fluvastatin
Lovastatin Simvastatin |
|
SE of Statins?
|
GI distress
Hepatotoxicity Myopathy HA Ocular effects Respiratory effects |
|
Avoid the use of Fibrates in patients with?
|
Renal disease
Liver disease Gallbladder disease |
|
What is Atromid-S?
|
Clofibrate
|
|
What is Tricor?
|
Fenofibrate
|
|
Which Fenofibrates need to be taken with food? Why?
|
Antara 130mg = Lofibra 200mg
Taken with food to increase concentration. |
|
List the alpha-1 blockers (5)
|
***DTTAP
Doxazosin (Cardura) Terazosin (Hytrin) Tamsulosin (Flomax) Alfuzosin (Uroxatral) Prazosin (Minipress) |
|
List the cardiovascular risk factors (6)
|
***FaD SHAG
Family History Dyslipidemia Smoking HTN Age (>60 YO) Gender |
|
List the different group of drugs used for HTN (10)
|
Diuretics (Thiazides, Loops & K-sparing)
Beta blockers ACEi ARB's CCB Alpha adrenergic blockers Alpha - 2 agonists Peripheral adrenergic antagonists Vasodilators |
|
Which OCP has the same MoA of Aldactone?
|
Drospirenone = 25mg Aldactone
Brands: Yaz & Yasmin |
|
List some meds that cause Gynecomastia (4)
|
Tagamet (Cimetidine)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Prostate meds |
|
List some medications that cause drug induced Lupus
|
Acebutolol (Sectral)
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) |
|
What are the starting doses of Carvedilol in CF and HTN?
|
CF: 3.125mg PO BID
HTN: 6.25mg PO BID |
|
Beta blocker SE?
|
Bradycardia/Bronchospasm
Lipid (increase) Orthostasis Conduction abnormalities (AV node blockage) Konstriction of peripheral vasculature (Raynaud's) Exhaustion/Emotional depression Reduced recognition of hypoglycemia |
|
List the different brand names for Diltiazem
|
***C2D2T2
Cartia Cardizem/Cardizem SR Diltia XT Dilacor Tiazac Tiamate |
|
List the different brand names for Verapamil
|
***VIC2
Veralan Isoptin Calan Covera HS |
|
List some medications that can increase the anti-HTN effects of CCB?
|
Anti-psychotics
BB Diuretics Ethanol |
|
What CCB is used for subarachnoid hemorrhage? Dose?
|
Nimodipine (Nimotop)
Dose: 60mg Q4H x 21 days |
|
Which ACEi can be opened and sprinkled on apple sauce? Storage?
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Ramipril (Altace) capsule contents can be sprinkled on applesauce and stored for 24H=RT or 48H=Fridge
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How soon should you give a patient an ACEi after getting an MI?
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No <6H and no >24H after suffering a myocardial infarction
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Which 2 ARB's may be given BID?
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Eprosartan (Tevetan)
Losartan (Cozaar) |
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What is Edarbi?
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Azilsartan (Edarbi) is the newest ARB
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Which medications should not be given with Tekturna?
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Cyclosporine & Itraconazole - increase Tekturna levels significantly
Orange, apple & grapefruit juices - separate from Tekturna by 4H b/c these will decrease levels of the medication |
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What are points to remember for Uroxatral & Silodosin?
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Alfuzosin (Uroxatral)
Silodosin (Rapaflo) 3A4 substrate Take after a meal Caution in CrCl <30mL/min |
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What is the difference between Hemorrhagic stroke and Ischemic stroke?
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Hemorrhagic stroke - too much blood so the brain ruptures
Ischemic stroke - not enough oxygen/blood |
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What is the only ARB which is FDA-approved for CHF?
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Candesartan (Atacand)
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List the SE for ACEi
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***CAPTOPRIL
Cough Angioedema Proteinuria Taste change Orthostasis Pregnancy Rash Increase in K Leukocytosis |
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What do you do with the Warfarin dose if patient is on Amiodarone?
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Reduce warfarin dose by 33-50%
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What is the half life of Amiodarone?
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30-60 days
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What is Iprivask? Indication? Form?
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Iprivask (Desirudin) is a Direct Thrombin Inhibitor.
Indication: DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery Form: SC |
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What is Pradaxa? Indication? Dose and storage?
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Pradaxa (Dabigatran etexilate) is a direct thrombin inhibitor used for NON-VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.
Dose: usually BID, good for 60 days. |
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What is the assessment test for Pradaxa?
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Ecarin clotting time (ECT)
PTT test. |
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List the direct thrombin inhibitors
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Bivalrudin (Angiomax)
Agatroban (Novastin) Lepirudin (Refludin) |
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List the anti-platelet drugs
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Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA antagonists
Cilostazole Clopidogrel (Plavix) Prasugrel (Effient) Ticlodipine (Ticlid) |
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What are the GPIIB/IIIA?
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Abciximab (ReoPro)
Tirofiban(Aggrastat) - short half life Eptifibatide (Integrilin) - short half life |
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List the Normal Fasting Lipid Values
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LDL-C: <100 optimal; *CHD & DM <70
HDL: >60 Triglycerides: <150 |
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When do you test for cholesterol?
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Recommended: >20 years and older
At least Q5 years Annual exam is preferred. |
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When should LDL therapy begin?
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W/O CHD and <2 risk factors : >160mg/dL
W/O CHD and >2 risk factors : >130mg/dL With CHD or DM : >100mg/dL With CHD and DM : >70mg/dL |
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Bile Acid Sequestrants SE?
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Constipation
Bloating Flatulence Nausea |
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Monitoring parameters for Niacin
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***GLUL
Glucose Lipid profile Uric acid LFT's |
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What's the effect of Rifampin to Livalo?
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Pitavastatin (Livalo) is increased by Rifampin, even if it's an inducer
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List the dose equivalence and max dosing for Statins
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Pitavastatin (Livalo) - 2mg - 4mg
Rosuvastatin (Crestor) - 5mg - 40mg Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - 10mg - 80mg Simvastatin (Zocor) - 20mg - 80mg Lovastatin (Mevacor) - 40mg - 80mg Pravastatin (Pravachol) - 40mg - 80mg Fluvastatin (Lescol) - 40mg - 80mg |
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Which statin has the least potential for drug interactions?
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Pravastatin (Pravachol)
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What is Lovaza? Dose?
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Lovaza (Omega-3-acid)
Dose: >18yrs, 4g QD or 2g BID |