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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Periobital edema
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Where edema due renal failure first manifests
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Loss of the lateral 1/3 eyebrows
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Hypothyroidism, Leprosy, or Myxedema
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Shine the penlight at the eyes directly from about two feet:
Reflection should be in the nasal field of each eye --> If it is not |
extraocular muscle dysfunction
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Eyelids
If lowered then ptosis |
Horner’s syndrome
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Eyelids
Exopthalamos |
hyperthyroidism
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Periobital edema
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Where edema due renal failure first manifests
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Loss of the lateral 1/3 eyebrows
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Hypothyroidism, Leprosy, or Myxedema
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|
Shine the penlight at the eyes directly from about two feet:
Reflection should be in the nasal field of each eye --> If it is not |
extraocular muscle dysfunction
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|
Eyelids
If lowered then ptosis |
Horner’s syndrome
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Eyelids
Exopthalamos |
hyperthyroidism
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Periobital edema
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Where edema due renal failure first manifests
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|
Loss of the lateral 1/3 eyebrows
|
Hypothyroidism, Leprosy, or Myxedema
|
|
Shine the penlight at the eyes directly from about two feet:
Reflection should be in the nasal field of each eye --> If it is not |
extraocular muscle dysfunction
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Eyelids
If lowered then ptosis |
Horner’s syndrome
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Eyelids
Exopthalamos |
hyperthyroidism
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Eye lids
Can't close |
Facial nerve palsy
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Eye lids
Can't open |
CN III nerve palsy
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Conjuctiva
Color: If excessively pale |
anemia
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Cornea
Arcus senilis |
Should always indicate to the physician the need to explore the possibility of alcoholism, particularly when it is detected in males under the age of 60
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Increased iris vascularity
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diabetes
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Argyll-Robertson Pupil: Irregular pupils bilaterally, React to near reaction but not light -->
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syphilis & diabetes
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Bilateral dilated pupil -->
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Brain damage, Anti-cholinergic poisoning
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Small fixed pupils -->
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Pontine hemorrhage, Opiate poisoning
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Pupils
narrow angles |
glaucoma [increased fluid in anterior chamber due it increased aqueous humor production or impaired drainage]
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Lateral deviation, Ptosis, Dilated pupil
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Occulomotor nerve [CN IV] palsy
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Inability to look down
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Trochlear nerve [CN IV] palsy
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Medial deviation of the eyeball
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Abducens nerve [CN VI] palsy
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Nystagmus
horizontal |
Cerebellar lesion, Brain stem lesion, Drugs [e.g. ethanol & phenytoin]
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Nystagmus
Vertical |
From inner ear, Vestibular disease, Brainstem disease, PCP
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Retinal examination
If absent the RED REFLEX in the pupil of the patient's eyes |
cataract, corneal scarring, retinoblastoma
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Inability to look down
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Trochlear nerve [CN IV] palsy
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Medial deviation of the eyeball
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Abducens nerve [CN VI] palsy
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Nystagmus
horizontal |
Cerebellar lesion, Brain stem lesion, Drugs [e.g. ethanol & phenytoin]
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Nystagmus
Vertical |
From inner ear, Vestibular disease, Brainstem disease, PCP
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Retinal examination
If absent the RED REFLEX in the pupil of the patient's eyes |
cataract, corneal scarring, retinoblastoma
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a hole in one of the structures of the eye, such as the lens, eyelid, iris, retina, choroid or optic disc. Present from birth. A coloboma can occur in one or both eyes
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colobama
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Look like specks of yellowish material under the retina. They are deposits of extracellular material that accumulate between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). A few small drusen normally form in the human eye, usually after age 40
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Drusen
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Involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy. Although raised intraocular pressure is a significant risk factor for developing glaucoma, there is no set threshold for intraocular pressure that causes glaucoma
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Glaucoma
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Involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy. Although raised intraocular pressure is a significant risk factor for developing glaucoma, there is no set threshold for intraocular pressure that causes glaucoma
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Glaucoma
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4 stages of Hypertensive retinopathy
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1st stage: Copper wiring, Silver wiring
2nd stage: Areterioveinous nicking 3rd stage: Hemorrhages [flame shaped], Exudates that are hard or soft [cotton wool] 4th stage: Papilledema & Hemorrhages [flame shaped] |
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4 stages of Hypertensive retinopathy
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1st stage: Copper wiring, Silver wiring
2nd stage: Areterioveinous nicking 3rd stage: Hemorrhages [flame shaped], Exudates that are hard or soft [cotton wool] 4th stage: Papilledema & Hemorrhages [flame shaped] |
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Roth's spots: Retinal hemorrhages w/ white or pale centers of coagulated fibrin -->
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Bacterial endocarditis
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Disk is pink instead of white, Disc vessels are more visible, more numerous & curve over the borders of the disk, Disk is swollen w/ blurred margins
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Papilledema: Is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure
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Diabetic retinopathy
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Hemorrhages [dot/blot], Microaneurysms, Exudates [hard/waxy, Neovascularization
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