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188 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hidr/o
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sweat, perspiration
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Onych/o
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nail
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Trich/o
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hair
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Erg/o
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work
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Myel/o
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bone marrow, spinal cord
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Ton/o
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tone; pressure
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Spir/o
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breathing
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Phrenic/o
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phrenic nerve
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Atri/o
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atrium
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Lymph/o
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lymph, lymphatic system
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Lymphaden/o
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lymph node
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Lymphangi/o
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lymphatic vessel
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Thromb/o
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blood clot
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Thrombocyt/o
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platelet, thrombocyte
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Thym/o
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thymus gland
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Chol/e, chol/o
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bile, gall
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Cholangi/o
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bile duct
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Cholecyst/o
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gallbladder
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Choledoch/o
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common bile duct
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Gloss/o
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tongue
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Lingu/o
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tongue
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Stoma, stomat/o
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mouth
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Cali/o, calic/o
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calyx
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Cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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Pyel/o
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renal pelvis
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Vesic/o
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urinary bladder
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Orchi/o, orchid/o
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testis
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Osche/o
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scrotum
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Semin/o
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semen
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Vas/o
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vas deferens, ductus deferens; also vessel; duct
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Colp/o
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vagina
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Episi/o
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vulva
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Hyster/o
Metr/o, metr/i |
uterus
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Mast/o
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breast, mammary gland
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Salping/o
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oviduct, tube
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Hypophys/o
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pituitary gland, hypophysis
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Insul/o
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pancreatic islets
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Narc/o
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stupor, numbness, sleep
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Radicul/o
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spinal nerve root
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Dacryocyst/o
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lacrimal sac
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Myring/o
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tympanic membrane
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Phak/o, phac/o
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lens
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Dextr/o
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right
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Sinister/o
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left
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Dia-
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through; complete
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Per-
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through
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Pro-
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before, in front of
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-centesis
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puncture, tap
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-desis
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binding, fusion
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-ectomy
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excision, surgical removal
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-pexy
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surgical fixation
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-plasty
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plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction
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-rraphy
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surgical repair, suture
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-stomy
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surgical creation of an opening
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-to
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instrument for incising (cutting)
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-tomy
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incision, cutting
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-tripsy
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crushing
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Root word
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These word parts are the main portion of a medical
term. A root word often defines the body area or system being discussed |
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Nephrolithiasis
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a disorder characterized by stones in the kidney (lith is a calculus or stone)
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A prefix is attached at the beginning of a word. It typically indicates
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location, time, or number,although a prefix can also give other definitions to words such as color.
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A suffix is attached to the end of a word. Suffixes frequently indicate
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the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. An example of a suffix indicating a procedure is –ectomy, which means excision or surgical removal. Mastectomy is the surgical removal of a breast.
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The nail is made up of six parts.
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The root is the part that extends into the skin. The nail bed is the area the nail lays on. It extends from the lunula to the hyponychium. This is the pink part of your nail which gets its color from blood vessels, nerves and melanocytes. The nail plate is the actual
nail made of translucent keratin. The eponychium is the cuticle. The perionychium is the skin around the nail and is the site of hangnails, ingrown nails, and infection of the skin around the nails call paronychia. The hyponychium is the junction between the free edge of the nail and the skin. |
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subungual
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Subungual means under the nail.
Evacuation of a subungual hematoma is coded with CPT code 11740 |
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The appendicular skeleton is
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your extremities and the girdles that connect them.
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A pericardial window
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described in CPT code 33025 is an incision made in the
pericardium to drain fluid that has build up around the heart. |
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Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts can be created using
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veins or arteries
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Lymphoid organs include
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the spleen thymus, tonsils, and Peyer’s patches of the intestines.
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urinary calculi
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or stone, can exist anywhere within the urinary system including the the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and the urethra.
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The eyeball is made up of three layer
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the retina, the middle layer is the choroid, and the outermost layer is the sclera
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The aqueous humor is responsible for
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intraocular pressure in your eye. The vitreous humor shares in the responsibility for the intraocular pressure, but also prevents the eyeball from collapsing.
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strabismus surgery
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performed by shortening or lengthening various muscles of the eye
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Otology
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the study of the ear. two types of services: audiometry and surgical.
Surgical services are often performed by an ENT physician and the codes for procedures are typically found in the Surgery Section of the CPT code book. Audiometry services are studies to test and improve your hearing. The codes for these services are typically found in the Medicine section of the CPT code book. |
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pro re nata
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when necessary,” is the origin of the medical abbreviation “PRN.”
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Sialoadenitis
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: inflammation of a salivary gland
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Pyelotomy
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surgical incision into the renal pelvis of a kidney
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Oophorectomy
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ovary
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Myelography
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radiographic visualization of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium into the spinal subarachnoid space
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Encephalopathy
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a disease of the brain; especially : one involving alterations of brain structure
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- gram
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a record of data
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-graph
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instrument for recording data
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-scopy
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examination of
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Incision
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is a cut. This subsection is where you will find -otomy (incision, cutting) and -ostomy (surgical creation of an opening) suffixes.
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Excision
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is to cut something out. This subsection is where
you will find -ectomy suffixes. Likewise, the suffix -rraphy (surgical repair, suture) is found in the repair subsections. |
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epidermis is composed of four to five layers
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Stratum Corneum —Also called the horny layer; outer-
most layer. Stratum Lucidum (Palms and Soles)—Clear layer. Stratum Granulosum—Granular layer of cells. They accumulate two types of granules; keratohyaline gran- ules and lamellated granules. Stratum Spinosum—Composed of prickle cells. Stratum Basale (Stratum Germinativum)—Deepest of the five layers, made of basal cells |
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Dermis
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Stratum Papillare —Thin superficial layer interlocked with the epidermis.
Stratum Reticulare —Thick layer of dense, irregular connective tissue The dermis contains many important structures nour- ishing and innervating the skin: Vessels carrying blood and lymph, Nerves and nerve endings, Glands, Hair follicles |
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subcutaneous (beneath the skin)
layer. |
known as the hypodermis, but is not considered a layer of the skin. The subcutaneous tissues are mostly composed of fatty or adipose tissue, plus
some areolar tissue (loose connective tissue consisting of a meshwork of collagen, elastic tissue, and reticular fibers). The hypodermis serves to protect the underlying structures, prevent loss of body heat, and anchor the skin to the underlying musculature. The fibrous connective tissues, referred to as superficial fascia, are included in this layer |
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Decubitus
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Pressure ulcer/bedsore
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Ecchymosis
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Condition in which blood seeps into the skin
causing discoloration |
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Pediculosis
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Infestation with lice.
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Tinea
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Ringworm
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The nail is divided into six specific parts
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the root, nail bed, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), perionychium (site of hangnails), and hypo-nychium. The root, also known as the germinal matrix, lies beneath the skin behind the fingernail and extends several millimeters into the finger.
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Compound Fracture
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Projects through the skin with a
possibility of infection a compound fracture is coded as an open fracture |
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Comminuted Fracture
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Shatter-affected part into bony
fragments |
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Transverse Fracture
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Breaks shaft of a bone across the
longitudinal axis. |
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Ankylosis
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Condition of stiffening of a joint.
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Arthralgia
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Pain in joint.
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Chondralgia
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Pain around and in the cartilage
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Dactylic
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Pertaining to finger or toe
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Kyphosis
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Abnormal curvature of thoracic spine (hump
- back). |
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Osteorrhaphy
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Suture of bone.
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Sternotomy
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Surgical incision of sternum.
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Hemangioma
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Benign tumor of a blood vessel
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Arteriotomy
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—Incision into an artery.
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IMA
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internal mammary
artery |
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LAD
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left anterior descending artery,
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PDA
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posterior descending artery
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Angiocarditis
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inflammation of the heart and vessels
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The right lymphatic duct collects lymph fluid from
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the right arm, right side of the head, and right side of the thorax.
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The thoracic duct collects lymph from
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the rest of the body besides the right side of the head and right arm and right side of thorax
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pharyngeal tonsils
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referred to as adenoids if enlarged
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Lymphadenitis
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Inflammation and enlargement of lymph
nodes, usually as a result of infection. |
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Lymphangitis
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Inflammation of lymphatic vessels as a result of bacterial infection. It appears as painful red streaks under the skin.
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lymphatic ducts empty their contents into
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Subclavian veins
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Carina
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A projection of the lowest tracheal cartilage where
the trachea separates into two bronchi. Used as a landmark for endoscopy (bronchoscopy). |
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COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
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any group of chronic, progressive, and debilitative respiratory diseases (emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, etc)
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Orthopnea
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Difficulty breathing unless upright or in a
straight position |
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Rales
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Abnormal chest sounds heard when air enters
small airways or alveoli containing fluid typically during inspiration; also called crackles |
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Rhonchus
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Rale or rattling sound in throat or bronchial
tube caused by obstructed or inflamed bronchi. |
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The CPT® 30000–32999 code series address
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surgical procedures of the respiratory system
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Aphagia
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Inability to swallow.
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Colectomy
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Excision of part of the colon
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Diverticula of Colon
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Herniations of mucosa and submucosa of the colon, which can cause episodes of bleeding and inflammation.
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Gastralgia
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Pain in the stomach.
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Herniotomy
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Incision into a hernia.
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Laparotomy
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Surgical incision into the abdomen.
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Rectocele
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Herniation of the rectum into the vagina
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Stomatitis
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Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the
mouth. |
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The CPT 40490–49999 codes series address
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surgical
procedures of the digestive system. |
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Cystectomy
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Excision of the bladder or part of the
bladder; removal of a cyst |
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Cystitis
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Inflammation of bladder
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Cystopexy
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Surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall.
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Cystorrhagia
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Blood bursting forth from the bladder.
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Hydronephrosis
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Condition in which urine collects in the
renal pelvis due to obstructed outflow, results in dilation of the renal pelvis and calices |
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Pyelocystitis
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Inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis.
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Pyuria
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Pus in urine
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Uremia
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Excess urea and other nitrogenous waste in
blood. |
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Urethalgia
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Pain in the urethra. Syn. - urethrodynia.
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CPT® codes dealing with the urinary system are found
primarily in the |
50010-53899 range
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Colporrhaphy
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Suture or repair of a vaginal rupture
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Dysmenorrhea
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Painful or difficult menstruation.
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Epispadias
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Congenital defect in which the urethra opens
on the dorsum of the penis. |
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Hysterotomy
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Surgical incision into the uterus.
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Hypospadias
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Congenital defect in which the urethra
opens on the underside of the penis or on perineum. |
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Menorrhagia
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Excessive blood flow during menstruation
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Myometritis
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Inflammation of the muscular wall (myometrium) of the uterus.
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Salpingectomy
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Surgical excision of fallopian tube(s)
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Prostatalgia
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Pain in the prostate.
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CPT® codes for the male and female genitourinary
systems can be found in the |
54000–58999 range.
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Maternity care and delivery is found in the
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59000–59899
range |
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Cowper’s glands
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Cowper’s gland is also called the bulbourethral gland. It is a small gland secreting part of the seminal fluid.
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introitus
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vaginal opening (Bartholin's glands are on either side)
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Ataxia
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Loss of muscular coordination.
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Dyphasia
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Impairment of speech. (Syn.- aphasia.
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Encephalomalacia
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Softening of the brain often due to
ischemia or infarction. |
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Laminectomy
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Excision of the vertebral posterior arch or
spinal process |
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Myelitis
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Inflammation of spinal cord
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Neuralgia
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Severe or stabbing pain in the course or distribution of a nerve
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Poliomyelitis
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Inflammation of gray matter of the spinal
cord. |
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Vagotomy
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Surgical incision of the vagus nerve.
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Procedures of the nervous system are found primarily in
the |
60000 range of CPT® codes (61000-64999)
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Amblyopia
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Lazy eye causing dullness of vision
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Ametropia
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Defect in the refractive power of the eye.
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Aphakia
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Absence of lens of the eye
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Astigmatism
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Due to an abnormal curve of the cornea,
rays of light do not focus on the retina, but are spread over area causing out-of-focus vision. |
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Cycloplegia
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Ciliary muscle paralysis.
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Diplopia
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Double vision.
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Ectropion
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Turning outward (eyelid).
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Glaucoma
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Disease of the eye characterized by increased
intraocular pressure. |
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Keratitis
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Inflammation of the cornea.
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Trichiasis
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Ingrown eyelashes, can rub against the cornea
irritating the eye |
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Vision services can be found in the
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92002-92499 range of CPT® codes
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Surgical services on the eye can be found in the
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5091-68899 range of CPT® codes.
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Surgical services on the ear are found in the
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69000-69979 range of CPT® code
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Special otorhinolaryngologic services
are found in the |
92502-92700 range.
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92601- 92604
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used to report diagnostic analysis of cochlear
implants. |
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Myringoplasty
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Repair of the tympanic membrane.
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Carotid Body
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A structure made of epithelial-like cells
located on each side of the body at the bifurcation (divi - sion) of the common carotid artery. This has a vascular/ sinusoidal bed and a large network of nerve fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve. This configuration works together to measure concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and free hydrogen atoms in blood. This chemo - receptor organ regulates respiration and pH balance. Although not a true endocrine structure, it is made of both glandular and nonglandular cells. Procedures on this structure are included in the endocrine family of CPT® codes. |
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Parathyroid Gland
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Small round bodies located on the
posterior side of the thyroid gland and imbedded in the connective tissue surrounding it. The number of these bodies varies, but usually there are four. These glands regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
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Hyperkalemia
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Excessive amounts of potassium in the
blood. |
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The CPT® 60000–60699 codes address
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surgical procedures of the endocrine system.
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Procedures on blood and its components are covered in the
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80000 range of CPT® codes
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Neutrophils are
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the body’s main defense against infection and antigens. High levels of neutrophils may indicate an active infection; a low count may indicate a compromised immune system or depressed bone marrow (low neutrophil production).
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Lymphocytes are
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involved in protection of the body from
viral infections such as measles, rubella, chicken pox, or infectious mononucleosis. Elevated levels may indicate an active viral infection |
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Monocytes fight
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severe infections and are considered the body’s second line of defense against infection. Elevated levels are seen in tissue breakdown, chronic infections, carcinomas, leukemia (monocytic), or lymphomas. Low levels of monocytes indicate a good state of health.
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Clinical lab tests performed on the function and health of the immune system are found in the
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86000–86849 range of
CPT® codes and performed in the clinical laboratory. |
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Hemostasis
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Control of bleeding
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Leukemia
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Overproduction of leukocytes resulting in a
malignant, acute, or chronic disease. |
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Polycythemia
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Abnormal increase in red blood cells.
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