Corrections Quiz Ye

Front 1

_ Assumes that society can remove an offenders capacity to commit further crimes by detention in prison or execution

Back 1

Incapacitation

Front 2

_Contends than an offender should be punished based on the severity of the offfense

Back 2

Retribution

Front 3

__presumes that punishment inflicted on criminals will discourage them from committing future crimes

Back 3

Specific deterrence

Front 4

offenders who repeat certain kinds of crimes are sentenced to long prison terms through the concept of __ incapacitation

Back 4

Selective

Front 5

The use of __ sentences was greatly expanded in the 1980's as a primary weapon in the War on Drugs

Back 5

Mandatory

Front 6

__ is the goal of punishment inflicted on a person who has violated criminal law and deserves to be punished

Back 6

retribution

Front 7

In keeping with the goal of treatment, __ sentencing gives correctional officials and parole boards significant control over the amount of time an offender serves through a lack of fixed time of incarceration

Back 7

Indeterminate

Front 8

The most frequently applied criminal sanction is __

Back 8

Probation

Front 9

A convicted offender who is imprisoned for a fixed period of time has been given a ___ sentence

Back 9

determinate

Front 10

__ presumes member of the general public will be discouraged by observing the punishments of others and will conclude the costs of crime outweigh the benefits

Back 10

General deterrence

Front 11

Unjust punishments can occur because of sentencing disparities and __

Back 11

wrongful convictions

Front 12

__ sanctions are penalties that are more severe than probation but less severe than incarceration

Back 12

Intermediate

Front 13

The correctional goal of __ attempts to restore the convicted offender to a constructive place in society through use of individualized treatment

Back 13

Rehabilitation

Front 14

The correctional goal of __ assumes that society can, by detention in a correctional facility, or by execution, remove an offenders capacity to commit further crimes

Back 14

Incapacitation

Front 15

Of the four major goals of corrections, __ clearly conflicts with the other 3 goals since it focuses on treatment of the offender as opposed to other more punitive sanctions

Back 15

Rehabilitation

Front 16

__ is the most visible form of punishment used in the US

Back 16

Incarceration

Front 17

Laws passed by legislatures at all levels of government are known as

Back 17

Statutes

Front 18

The __ Amendment focuses on the right to Religious freedom

Back 18

1st

Front 19

Legal rules, usually set by an agency of the executive branch, designed to implement in detail policies of that agency are __

Back 19

Regulations

Front 20

__ refers to legal rules produced by Judges' decisions

Back 20

Case Law

Front 21

Legal rules created in judges decisions that serve to guide decisions in similar cases

Back 21

Precedent

Front 22

The __ Amendment focuses on the protection of privacy within the scope of search and seizure

Back 22

4th

Front 23

The constitutional guarantee the no agent or instrumentality of government will use any thing to arrest, prosecute, try, or punish any person other than that prescribed by the law is procedural __

Back 23

Due Process

Front 24

__ is intervention in a dispute by a third party where those in conflict submit their differences for resolution and the decision (in the correctional setting) is binding on both parties

Back 24

Mediation

Front 25

A public official who investigates complaints against government officials and recommends corrective measures

Back 25

Ombudsman

Front 26

The first recognized US Supreme Court Case recognizing the termination of hand-off policy

Back 26

Cooper v Pate (1964)

Front 27

__ refers to the responsibility for the provision of monetary or other compensation awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action

Back 27

Civil Liablility

Front 28

___ refers to an interest of the state that must take precedence over rights guaranteed by the 1st Amendment

Back 28

Compelling State Interest

Front 29

__ refers to means of ensuring a legitimate state interest (such as security) that impose fewer limits on prisoners' rights than do alternative means of securing that end

Back 29

Least Restrictive Methods

Front 30

Since the 1940's, Supreme Court has maintained that the ___ Amendment holds a special position in the bill of rights because it guarantees those freedoms essential in a democracy

Back 30

1st

Front 31

Factors influencing the filtering process through the correctional system include department policy and ___

Back 31

Bail

Front 32

Martin and Yablonsky describe a ___, because it operates as a large offender selection bureaucracy

Back 32

Filtering Process

Front 33

One of the most successful alcohol treatment programs

Back 33

Alcoholics Anonymous

Front 34

The mentally ill offender is now recognized as an over generalization, and a ___

Back 34

Social issue

Front 35

A person who in a particular set of circumstances has violated the law but is not normally given to criminal behavior and who is unlikely to repeat the offense

Back 35

Situational Offender

Front 36

When the justice system brings the more serious cases forward for a more severe punishment, it acts as selective___

Back 36

Incapacitation

Front 37

The most despised offender in court and in prison

Back 37

child molestor

Front 38

refers to a person who sees crime as a way of earning a living and has numerous contacts with the law throughout his/her life

Back 38

Career Criminal

Front 39

Once a person is ___, a range of punishments of escalating severity may be imposed

Back 39

Convicted

Front 40

Due to prison overcrowding, correctional officials believe that ___ offenders are most appropriate for early release because they typically pose little or no threat to the public

Back 40

Elderly

Front 41

While only 2% of the US adult population abuses drugs, over ___ percent of those in prison admit to doing so

Back 41

50

Front 42

The term ___ offender describes a person whose behavior may be traced to a diminished or otherwise abnormal capacity to think or reason

Back 42

Mentally ill