Core 4

Front 1

Title of core 4

Back 1

Operate rice harvesting and threshing machinery and equipment

Front 2

Is a process of collecting or gathering the mature rice crop from the field

Back 2

Harvesting

Front 3

Is a process of separating the grains from the rest of the cut crops

Back 3

Threshing

Front 4

Actions involved in harvesting using combine harvester

Back 4

Cutting

Handling

Stacking

Threshing

Cleaning

Bagging/packing

Hauling

Front 5

Two ways to harvest

Back 5

Manual

Mechanical

Front 6

Manual harvesting uses _________

Back 6

Sickle

Front 7

Mechanical harvesting uses _______

Back 7

Combine harvester or thresher

Front 8

Importance of proper harvesting

Back 8

Maximize the yield

Minimize losses or damage

Front 9

Maturity of rice required for manual harvesting

Back 9

80-85%

Front 10

Maturity of rice required for mechanical harvesting

Back 10

90-95%

Front 11

Basis to consider before harvesting

Back 11

1. Maturity

2. MC

3. Variety

4. 28-35 days after heading for dry season; 32-38 days after heading for wet season

Front 12

What is the right MC of rice before harvesting in wet season.

Back 12

20-25%

Front 13

Effects of harvesting too early

Back 13

Higher grain breakage during milling

Unfilled grains

Low yield

Low germination

Low variety

Hint 13

HULLL

Front 14

Effects of harvesting too late

Back 14

Shuttering

Lost of profits

Losses due to pest,rats,birds,rice bugs

Front 15

Cutting the mature panicles above the ground

Back 15

Reaping

Front 16

Manual harvesting uses sickle tool that cuts how many centimeters above the ground?

Back 16

15-25 cm

Front 17

Long duration variety

Back 17

130-136 days

Front 18

Medium duration variety

Back 18

113-125 days

Front 19

Short duration variety

Back 19

110-below

Front 20

Is a machine that cuts and gathered

Back 20

Reaper

Front 21

Advantage of manual cutting

Back 21

Effective in almost all land condition

Front 22

Disadvantage of manual cutting

Back 22

Labor intensive

Front 23

Manual harvesting requires how many person

Back 23

5 person per day per ha

Front 24

Reaper cutting width

Back 24

1.5 m

Front 25

2-4ha/day

Back 25

Reaping capacity

Front 26

Advantage of mechanical reaping

Back 26

Low labor requirement

Front 27

Disadvantage of reaper

Back 27

Difficult To reap in lodge crop

Front 28

Kinds of Threshing

Back 28

Manual

Mechanical

Front 29

Methods of manual threshing

Back 29

1.Pedal thresher

2.trampling

3.threshing rack

4.flail or sticks

Front 30

Parts of pedal thresher

Back 30

Threshing drum

Base

Transmission unit

Foot crank

Front 31

Manual threshing that uses feet of animal

Back 31

Trampling Uses feet or animal

Front 32

Types of mechanical thresher

Back 32

1.hold-on threshers - only panicle are feed to the machine

2.feed-in type

Front 33

Removing immature unfilled and non-grain material

Back 33

Cleaning

Front 34

Process of cleaning grains

Back 34

Screening/sifting 1.4mm or less

Seed cleaning

Seed grading

Seed purity

Stacking or piling

Winnowing

Field drying

bagging

Hint 34

5S WFB

Front 35

Size of screen hole

Back 35

1.4mm or less

Front 36

Semi-mechanical system

Back 36

Combination of manual reaping and mechanical threshing

Front 37

Factors to consider in harvesting system

Back 37

1. Availability of labor

2. Availability of capital to purchase equipment

3. Field layout and field accessibility

4. Rice variety

5. Demand for quality of rice

Front 38

Guidelines on harvesting

Back 38

1.Harvest at the right time with the right MC

2. Avoid delays in threshing after harvesting

3. Use proper machine settings when using a threshing machine

4.clean the grains properly after threshing

5. Dry the grains immediately after threshing

Hint 38

HAU CD

Front 39

Harvesting system

Back 39

Traditional - manual reaping, manual threshing

Semi - mechanical - manual reaping plus threshing and reaping. Reaping plus threshing by machine. Stripper harvesting plus threshing by machine

Combine harvesting - mini combine, small Rice combine, large combine

Front 40

Harvesting action in 4 ways

Back 40

1.Tearing action with a rough serrated edge

2.Two element scissors type action

3. high velocity single element impact with sharp or dull edge

4.Slicing action with a sharp tool

Hint 40

TTHS

Front 41

Machine to cut grain crops

Back 41

Reaper

Front 42

Separate the grain form the harvest crop

Back 42

Thresher

Front 43

Components of thresher

Back 43

1.concave

2.threshing cylinder

3.cleaning unit

Front 44

Parts of thresher

Back 44

1.engine

2.feeding tray

3.threshing chamber

4.straw thrower

5.screen - oscillating screen, perforated screen

6. Blower

7.output chute

8.windboard

9. Feeding port

10. Cylinder

11. pegtooth

12. concave

14.pulley

15.belt

16.engine base

17.rasp bar

Front 45

Efficient distance of pegtooth and concave

Back 45

13-19mm

Front 46

Parts of Threshing chamber

Back 46

1. Cylinder

2. Pegtooth

Front 47

Threshing elements

Back 47

1.Pegtooth

2.raspbar

3. Wire loop

4. Hammer mill type

Front 48

Operation of harvesting and threshing

Back 48

Combine harvesting

Front 49

Function of combine harvester

Back 49

1.Feeding the standing crops to the cutter bar with the help of reel

2. Cutting the crop (harvesting)

3. Feeding the crop to threshing unit

4. Threshing the crop

5.separating the husk from the grain

6. Cleaning the grain

7. Conveying and storing the grains

Front 50

Process flow of combine harvester

Back 50

Gather - cut (header)

Convey (feeder house)

Thresh (threshing cylinder)

Separate (separator)

Straw

Convey (clean grain auger)

Store (grain tank)

Unload(unloading auger)

Grains

Front 51

Parts of combine harvester

Back 51

1. Cutter bar

2. Reel

3. Header auger

4. Conveyor

5. Stone trap or destoner

6. Threshing section

7. Cleaning section -blower ,top adjustable sieve, bottom sieve, straw walker, sub conveyor

8. Grain auger

9. Tailing auger

10. Fuel tank cap

11. Crawler

12.ignition switch

13. Off button

14. Throttle lever

15. Park brake

16. Threshing lever

17. Blower lever

18. Steering stick

Front 52

Actions involved in harvesting

Back 52

Cutting

Handling

Stacking

Threshing

Cleaning

Bagging/packing

Hauling

Storing

Front 53

right MC to harvest rice during dry season

Back 53

18-21%

Front 54

threshing speed

Back 54

800 rpm

Front 55

How many days after harvest to thresh palay

Back 55

1 to 2 days