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Mineral
A naturally occurring inorganic solid material that has definite chemical composition.
Crystal
A solid material that has a definite chemical composition and in which the atoms are arranged in a regular pattern, with a repeating unit cell.
Lustre
Whether a mineral looks shiny or dull
Cleavage
The way a mineral splits into pieces with flat surfaces
Streak
The colour of a powdered mineral when rubbed across a rough white porcelain plate.
Weathering
The breakdown of the Earth's crust
Physical weathering
Breaking down rock into smaller and smaller pieces with no change in chemical composition
Chemical weathering
Chemically altering the composition of minerals in a rock, e.g. by oxidation, action of acids, or hydration.
Erosion
The movement of broken down and dissolved rock material from one place on the Earth's surface to another.
Physical weathering can be due to
-Temperature variation (heating/cooling cycles)
-Plant action
-Frost wedging (freeze/thaw cycles)
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