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Marxism
Crime is inevitable in a capitalist society,
Bourgeoise want the proletariat to conform and they use societies institutions as a means of social control,
White-collar crime is ignored whereas low level crime street crime is focused on
Proletariat are more likely to be criminals
Governments fabricate statistics to make lower class crimes seem more serious
Functionalism
Crime is inevitable as not every member is committed to each societies value and belief system
Crime is functional unless there is too much or too little
Can change views or opinions in society
Strengthens social cohesion
Maintains societies boundaries
Strain Theory
Society encourages everyone to reach material success but not everyone can due to different amounts of opportunities
Working class feel strain and anomie
People can either conform
Innovate - criminal ways of gaining material
Become ritualistic and lose sight of goals
Become retreatist and drop out of society
And rebel by creating different goals
Interactionism
Crime is a social construct
Once an act becomes deviant, then people see themselves as deviant and leads to a self fulfilling prophecy
Media contributes to this further by creating moral panic and creating folk devils
Deviancy application as it is reported more and more people worry about it
Right realism
Charles Murray - everyone is tempted to commit crime but social bonds stop us from doing so
Underclass - kids growing up in single parent families do not have appropriate role model parents and commit crime to prove that they are men
Economic factors are not the reason for rising crime rates
When an individual has weak social constraints on them, they are more likely to commit crime - social control is important in stopping crime
Left realism
Crime is because of the inequalities created by capitalist society
Practical and long term methods both need to be taken into account
Capitalism doesn't deliver to all
So people rely on crime to get to societies materialistic goals
Gradual social change is essential to stopping crime
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