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Assessment
Is an information-gathering process that leads to decisions concerning classification, placement, and treatment. Tests, observations, and interviews are the most common procedures used in the assessment process.
Psychological test
An objective, standardized measure of a sample of behavior.
The three criteria that any good psychological test must meet
Standardized, reliable, and valid.
Standardization
Involves developing uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test and developing norms for the test.
Uniform procedures
Require that the testing environment, test directions, test items, amount of time allowed be as similar as possible for all individuals who take the test.
Norms
Are established standards of performance for a test. Norms inform us about which scores are considered high, average, or low.
Percentile score
Indicates the percentage of people who scored below a score that one has attained.
Reliability
A measure of consistency of a person's test scores.
Test-retest reliability
Giving the same individuals the same test on two different occasions. If the results are similar, then the test is considered to have goof test-retest reliability.
Split-half reliability
Individuals take only one test, but the test items are divided into two halves and performance on each half is compared. If individuals performed about equally well on each half of the test, the test has good split-half reliability.
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