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Successful detection of discontinuities depends on
The part being clean enough to allow Penetrant to enter and exit discontinuities
Factors used to select most suitable method of cleaning
A) type of soil or contaminants to be removed
B) type of material inspected
C) surface condition of part
D) geometry and accessibility of part surface
E) required degree of cleanliness
F) availability and adequacy of cleaning facilities
Light oils and soft films (contaminants)
1. Oils and light greases
2. Easily removed by solvents
3. Enter surface opening preventing Penetrant from entering
4. May fluoresce under black light
Heavy oils and solid Films (contaminants)
A) corrosion preventive compound, thick grease, graphite
B) harder to remove; solvent or chemical plus considerable mechanical action
C) same effect as light oils
Carbon, varnish, and other tightly held Soils (contaminants)
A) partially burned combustible
B) difficult to remove
C) blocks discontinuities and absorbs penetrants
Scales, oxides, and corrosion products (contaminants)
A) scales and oxides result from exposure to high temperatures
B) very hard to remove
C) stress corrosion often occurs within discontinuities
D) interferes with Penetrant mechanics
E) keeps excess Penetrant on the surface
Cleaning processes
1. Success of Penetrant Inspections depend on parts being free of contaminants and Soils that could interfere with process
2. No special method is exclusively for preparing parts for Penetrant inspection
Pre-testing purpose
1. Purpose is to ensure that parts will not be damaged by Penetrant
2. All nonmetallic parts not inspected previously or not having approved technical order SHALL be pre-tested
Pre-testing procedures
A) Test 100% of spare material, if available. If not available, test small area of part that can tolerate possible damage
B) clean and visually examine the part
C) apply Penetrant; allow to dwell twice as long as normal; wipe excess Penetrant from area and examine for surface damage
D) repeat previous step, using remover and developer and reinspect for damage
E) if any evidence of damage is noted, DO NOT use method
Note: part should be watched when put back into service
3 Penetrant Types
Type 1 - Fluorescent Penetrant
Type 2 - Visible Penetrant
Type 3 - Visible and Fluorescent Penetrant
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