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Political Philosophy vs. Social Philosophy
Political philosophy:
- deals with the legitimacy of government
Why are we bound to submit to laws?¡What holds political groups together?Must consent or contracts be explicit or merely implicit?
Social philosophy:
- deals with the problem of justice
Given a legitimate state, how can goods be apportioned fairly?Are there principles toguide this distribution
Plato
Naturallypolitical because we are not naturally self-sufficient.
Plato’sRepublic:
- Artisan class allowed to pursue pleasure and have stuff¡Guardian and Ruler class not permitted¢All goods provided for guardians¢Communal living¢No property¢No wives – lottery for procreation¢Lottery is rigged for eugenic purposes¡Communism for upper classes b/c lower classes cannot handlecommunismIntroductionof mythos – “The Noble Lie”¡Anomie
Thomas Hobbes - Leviathan
Stateegoism vs. personal egoism
Equalityof all
“Stateof Nature”
- State of scarcity
- Competition over resources – state of war
- Life is: “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”
- No morality because morality is dictated by power / the stateLegalPositivism – justice is what is legally called just as long as it can beenforced
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