term1 Definition1term2 Definition2term3 Definition3
Please sign in to your Google account to access your documents:
Vitamin A
>RBP - Retinol Binding Protein - Moves Vit A from liver to body.
>Beta Carotine - precursor & antioxidant.
>Unbinded (excess) Vit A - free radical
Vitamin D
>Synthesized by Sun. Dehydrocholesterol + UV light = Vit D3. D3 must be activated in liver and kidneys. 36 hrs from D3 to D.
>Functions -Bone growth/remodeling. GI absorption of bone minerals. Also increases kidney retention and mobilization from bones to maintain calcium at 1% in blood when deficient.
>Deficiency - Ricketts (kids), osteomalacia (adults), osteoporosis.
>Toxicity - Hypercalcemia - blood vessels, kidneys, heart, lungs, tissues around joints.
>5mcg/day <50 / 10mcg/day 51-70 / > 15mcg > 70 / UL 50mcg/day
Vitamin E
>90% stored in liver.
>Protects LDL from oxidation.
>Deficiency - Hemolysis, Card-Vasc Disease, Cataracts
>Toxicity - Rare, interferes w/ Vit K
Vitamin K
Water - Intake
> Thirst and satiety influence water intake, apparently in response to changes sensed by the mouth, hypothalamus, and nerves.When water intake is inadequate, the blood becomes concentrated - dehydration (esp. athletes & elderly)
> 1 to 1.5ml/kcal
> At least 3l/day - 7-11 cups
Water - Insensible Losses
>Metabolically we produce 200-300ml/day
>500ml/day is lost for waste product excretion.
>Lungs & Skin lose 1500-2000ml/day
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
When blood volumes are low the pituitary gland will release ADH to tell kidneys to capture, rather than excrete, water.
Angiotensin
Angiotensin is a powerful vasoconstrictor that narrows the diameters of blood vessels, thereby raising the blood pressure.A
Aldosterone Hormone
Angiotensin stimulates the release of the hormone aldosterone from the adrenal glands. Aldosterone signals the kidneys to excrete potassium and to retain more sodium, and therefore water, because when sodium moves, water follows. Again, the effect is that when more water is needed, less is excreted.
Electrolytes
>Have a charge associated with them.
>Attracts water.
-Solvents follow solute
-Because h20 is polar
>Often called ions (atoms w/ charge)
>Loss of fluids = loss of electrolytes.
(Esp. Na+,Cl-,K+)
>To remember the difference between cations and anions, think of the “t” in cations as a “plus” (+) sign and the “n” in anions as a “negative.”
Need help typing ? See our FAQ (opens in new window)
Please sign in to create this set. We'll bring you back here when you are done.
Discard Changes Sign in
Please sign in to add to folders.
Sign in
Don't have an account? Sign Up »
You have created 2 folders. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders!