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Why was the frontier no longer protected by federal troops in 1861?
Texas had seceded from the Union
During the Civil War, how far east did the frontier line move in Texas?
50-100 miles
What native tribes posed the greatest threat to settlers on the frontier?
Comanche and Kiowa
Who was Quanah Parker?
He was one of the most powerful Comanche leaders of his time, opposed settlement on Comanche land, son of Cynthia Ann Parker and Cheif Peta Nocona.
Who was Cynthia Ann Parker?
She was mother of Quanah Parker, an anglo who had been captured as a child by Comanches in 1836, raised in the Comanche culture, wife of Chief Peta Nocona, had 3 children, was rescued multiple times by anglos, but wanted to return to the Comanche.
Why did the peace treaty arranged at Medicine Lodge Creek fail?
Neither the American Indians nor the US government honored it.
Define "buffalo hunters". Why were they allowed to hunt on reservation lands?
Person who slaughtered buffalo for the value of their hides.
It was believed if the buffalo herds were depleted, the American Indians would be forced to stay on reservations.
How did the Comancheros encourage American Indian raids?
They traded guns, ammunition, and other supplies to the Comanches for the livestock and property they stole on their raids.
Define "buffalo soldiers". Tell how they got their name.
African American fighter on the frontier.
From American Indians who respected their bravery.
Describe the Red River War and how the final battle ended.
It was a series of battles at Palo Duro Canyon which ended with federal troops destroying native villages, burning winter food supplies and buffalo skins, shooting horses, and forcing Kiowa and Comanche onto reservations.
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