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What is Attention?
Brain's ability to self-regulate input from the environment
not a sponge that soaks everything up, nor is it a reactive machine that responds to everything that’s out there
Brain responds to selective or purposeful way to content from environment
In psychology, what are the two senses of Attention?
1. Sustained Attention (Alertness: Problem of vigilance: performance declines over a long watch)
2. Selective Attention
What are the three main components of Selective Attention?
1. Limited in the number of stimuli we can process
2. Attend to one stimulus at the expense of others
3. People as limited capacity systems: don't treat all stimuli equally
Who is the Cocktail Party Problem, and who studied it?
What did Cherry ask when considering this phenomenon?
1. what happens to unattended conversations?
2. How far do they get into the system and
3. how much do we extract from those messages
What is Dichotic Listening and Shadowing?
Cherry invented this experiment to test unattended messages
“shadowing” refers to process of repeating message as you hear it
Two ears are referred to as two sources: channel means anything that carries information
What were Cherry's five findings for the unattended channel?
What were Cherry's two main conclusions?
1. Only superficial (physical) features perceived
2. Semantic content not analysed (language, meaning) - Semantic meaning requires focal attention
Who came up with the distinction labeled Preattentive processes vs. focal attention?
(Neisser, 1967)
What is Cherry's Binaural Presentation?
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