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Human Rights
the inalienable rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit ofhappiness that one is entitled to because one is human.
Natural Law
there are universal moral standards that support individual rights, there is a general duty to adhere to these standards, and the application of these standards is not limited to any particular legal system, community, state, race, religion, or civilization.
The Magna Carta
the monarch was forced to give to feudal lords certain liberties. This also recognized that the subjects of theking owed him duty only if he meets their claims (political bargain/contract).
Charter rights
the result of a political contract and are limited to the parties to the contract and restricted in time and space (unlike natural rights which are universal)
liberal account of rights
involvesthe belief that humans have inherent rights that the state has a responsibilityto protect.nonicf
Nonintervention
Standards of civilization
a19th century, European discourse about which values and norms made acountry civilized or barbaric and uncivilized. The conclusion was that civilized countries should colonize barbaricregions for the latter’s benefit.
First generation rights
individual rights such as free speech, freedom of religion, votingrights and rights that protect the individual from the potential abuse of thestate.
Second generation rights
include social,economic, and cultural rights. This alsoinvolves the right to employment, housing, healthcare, and education.
Third generation rights
are focused on collective or group rights and have not been adopted bymost states. These include the rights tonatural resources, the right to self-determination, the right to clean air, andthe right to communicate.
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