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Amazon Rainforest Overview
- Amazon in South America is 6milliom km2
- Tall evergreen, Hardwood Trees
Water Cycle Features
- High average annual temperatures between 25C and 30C
- Small seasonal variation in temperature
- High average annual rainfall (2000mm) no dry seasons
Temperature
- High average temperatures due to intense insolation
- Wide cloud coverage ensuring no extreme temperatures (direct solar radiation)
- Seasonal differences hardly affect temperature
- 50-60% precipitation recycled by evapotranspiration
Precipitation
- 2000mm> rainfall evenly distributed through out the year
- High moisture (humidity) and dense vegetation
- This feedback loop sustains high rainfall
- Most evaporation by result of leaf interception
- Moisture lost in transpiration by roots in the soil
Run Off
- Rapid run-off due to high rainfall and well drained soils
- River discharge may peak in 1 or 2 months
Atmosphere
- High temperatures allow the atmosphere to store large amounts of moisture
- Relative discharge may peak in 1 or 2 months
Soil/Groundwater
- Abundant rainfall leads to significant water storage soils and aquifers
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