term1 Definition1term2 Definition2term3 Definition3
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hypertrophy
increase in size of cells (or subcellular structure); usually results in increase in organ size
response of permanent cells like skeletal muscle, myocardium/cardiomyocytes
atrophy
reduced size of an organ or tissue resulting from decrease in cell size and number
hypertrophy example due to hormones
myometrium (smooth muscle of the uterus) during pregnancy
ID the structure and what is the difference between them
myometrium, the one on the right is hypertrophied due to pregnancy hormones
physiologic myocardial hypertrophy happens when?
occurs through exercise/conditioning
hyperplasia
increase in number of labile cells like epithelia (skin, mucosa, glands, liver) and bone marrow precursors
stimuli include hormones, virus-derived and other growth factors, inflammatory cytokines (inflammatory directing chemical)
pathologic myocardial hypertrophy
probably due to hypertension
myocardial hypertrophy in the second image (notice the boxy nuclei)
labile cells
capable of replication
endometrial hyperplasia
excess estrogen; causes abnormal uterine bleeding
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