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Key Concept: States of Consciousness (3)
1) conscious (thoughts and feelings we are aware of)
2) pre-conscious (... we are not aware of but can become aware of)
3) unconscious (... we are not aware of and cannot become aware of)
Key Concept: Defense Mechanisms (4)
1) denial (cannot accept reality)
2) regression (return to a previous stage)
3) displacement (express feelings in irrelevant situations)
4) repression (reject painful ideas from consciousness)
Constructs of the Mind (3)
Id: source of wishes/desires; immediate gratification; focused on avoiding pain/gaining pleasure
Ego: mediator between Id and real world; believes there's a time and place for everything; delaying gratification
Superego: highly ethical; wants to act ideal; regulates behavior
Psychosexual Stages
Stage 1: Oral Stage (birth - 18 mo.)
- libido is found in the mouth
- fixations can begin here or in any stage
Stage 2: Anal Stage (18 mo. - 3 yrs)
- libido is found in anus
- anal retentive (pleasure from holding in)
- anal expulsive (pleasure from letting out)
Stage 3: Phallic Stage (3 yrs - 6 yrs)
- libido is found in genitals
- males go through Oedipal Complex (resolved by identifying w/ father)
- females go through Electra Complex (resolved by identifying w/mother)
**failure to resolve can lead to problems in adulthood
Stage 4: Latency (6 yrs - 12/13 yrs)
libido is dormant during this period
Stage 5: Genital Stage (pubertry - rest of life)
- libido returns to the genitals
- "lovemaking" is the goal during this stage
Psychosexual Theory Evaluation
- implications of early life with mothers were accepted
- idea that "injuries" to child's mind being permanent weren't accepted
- overemphasis of sexuality wasn't accepted
- he was influential regardless of being controversial
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