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Nitrates
MOA: Metabolism of nitrates produces NO which leads to Increase production of cGMP resulting in a cascade of events causing vasodilation.
Glyceryl Trinitrate
Isorbide Mononitrate
Headache, postural hypertension, methaemoglobinemia.
Beta-Blockers
MOA: bind to beta adrenergic receptors preventing binding of norepinephrine
Propanolol (non selective)
Metprolol (Beta selective)
Atenolol (Beta selective)
Bronchoconstriction, Bradycardia, Heart failure
Calcium Channel Blockers
MOA: Prevent entry of calcium through calcium channels to prevent excitation coupling.
Verapramil - mainly heart
Nifidepine (DHP)
DHP: Flushing, headache,
Non-DHP: Constipation
K+ Channels Activators
MOA: Promote K+ efflux causing hyperpolarization that inhibits calcium channels resulting in relaxation.
Nicorandil
Cannot be used together with sidenafil (viagra)
Headache, diziness, flushing
ACEI/ARB
MOA: Used to prevent scar remodeling of heart after MI
ACEI - enalapril, captopril
ARB - Valsartan, Losartan,
Dry cough, first dose hypotension, impaired renal function.
Ranolazine
MOA: Blocks late inwards sodium current and thus decreasing intracellular calcium.
Used in addition to other beta blockers, nitrates and CCB
Dizziness, confusion, nausea, vomiting
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