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What are the main differences between muscle fiber types?
Type 1 are highly efficient and fatigue resistant. They have a high aerobic capacity but limited potential for force potential.
Type 11- include IIx and IIax, and they are the opposite. High force potential but fatigue quickly.
The extent of control of a muscle depends on what?
The number of muscle fibers within each motor unit.what is the total
What is the total energy yield from the oxidation of one glucose molecule?
40 (consumes 2 ATP, so net 38)
Where is glycogen stored and what are the approximate amounts?
Muscle: 300-400g
Liver: 70-100g
Resting concentrations can be influenced by training and dietary manipulation.
The repletion of muscle glycogen during recovery is related to…
Postexercise carb ingestion.
.7-3.0 g/kg body weight of carbs every 2 hours after exercise.
What are the two possible sources of glucose?
Blood glucose and muscle glycogen.
What is lactate threshold?
The exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above base concentrations.
Typically begins at 50-60% maximal oxygen uptake in untrained, 70-80% trained athletes.
What are the two reasons why the LT curve shifts to the right (improves)?
Changes in hormone release (reduced catecholamine) and increased mitochondrial content, allowing for greater production of ATP through aerobic mechanisms.
Allows the athlete to perform at higher percentages of oxygen uptake without as much lactate accumulation in the blood.
What is the Cori Cycle?
When lactate is transported in the blood to the liver, where it is converted to glucose.
Pyruvate is the end of result of glycolysis. What are the two pathways it can go?
1) Converted to lactate. ATP resynthesizes faster but is limited in duration (anaerobic glycolysis)
2) Shuttled to mitochondria. Undergoes Kreb cycle, which is slower but lasts longer (aerobic glycolysis)
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