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Eukaryotic Chromosomes:
- eukaryote chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins
Gene:
- a heritable factor that controls and specific characteristic
- consists of a length of DNA
- occupies a specific position on a chromosome
Allele:
- one specific form of a gene, differing from other alleles by one or a few bases only and occupying the same gene locus as other alleles of the gene
- various specific forms of a gene are alleles
- alleles differ from each other by one or only a few bases
- new alleles are formed by mutation
Genome:
- the whole of genetic information of an organism
- the entire base sequences of human genes was sequenced in the Human Genome Project
Gene Mutation:
a change to the base sequence
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