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What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight? (14 CFR 91.203, 91.9)
Acronym: ARROW
A irworthiness certificate
R egistration certificate
R adio station license (if operating outside of U.S.; an FCC regulation)
O perating limitations-AFM/POH and supplements, placards, markings (14 CFR 91.9)
W eight and balance data (current)
Compass diversion card (14 CFR 23.1547)
External data plate/serial number (14 CFR 45.11)
Exam Tip: during the practical test you evaluator may wish to examine the various required aircraft documents (ARROW) during the PreFlight inspection, as well as the currency of any aeronautical charts, EFT data, etc. Prior to the test, verify that all of the necessary aircraft documentation, onboard databases and charts are current and available.
What is an airworthiness certificate?
An airworthiness certificate is issued by the FAA to an aircraft that has been proven to meet the minimum design and manufacturing requirements and is condition for safe operation. Under any circumstances, the aircraft must meet the requirements of the original type certificate or it is no longer airworthy. These certificates come in two different classifications: standard airworthiness and special airworthiness.
What is the difference between standard and special airworthiness certificate?
Standard airworthiness certificates (white paper) are issued for normal, utility, acrobatic, commuter, or transport category aircraft. Special airworthiness certificates (pink paper) are issued for primary, restricted, or limited category aircraft, and light sport aircraft.
What is an experimental airworthiness certificate?
A special airworthiness certificate in the experimental category is issued to operate an aircraft that does not have a type certificate or does not conform to a type certificate yet is in a condition for safe operation. Additionally, the certificate is issued to operate a primary category kit-built aircraft that was assembled without the supervision and quality control of the production certificate holder.
Does an airworthiness certificate have an expiration date?
No. A standard airworthiness certificate remains valid for as long as the aircraft meets its approved type design, is in a condition for safe operation, and the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with 14 CFR part 21, 43, in 91.
Where must the airworthiness certificate be located?
This certificate must be displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance so that it is legible to passengers or crew.
For an aircraft to be considered are worthy, what two conditions must be met?
a. The aircraft must conform to its type design (type certificate). This is a tamed when the required and proper component are installed consistent with the drawings, specifications, and other data that are part of the tificate. Conformity includes applicable supplemental type certificate(s) (STC) and field approved alterations.
b. The aircraft must be in a condition for safe operation, referring to the condition of the aircraft in relation to wear and deterioration.
Explain how a pilot termans if an aircraft conforms to its approved type design and is in condition for safe operation. (14 CFR Part 21)
a. For types of design, a pilot must determine that the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations have been performed in accordance 14 CFR parts 21, 43, and 91 and that the aircraft is registered in the U.S. the pilot does this by ensuring that all required inspections, maintenance, preventative maintenance, repairs and alterations have been appropriately documented in the aircraft maintenance records.
b. For safe operation, the pilot conducts a thorough pre-flight inspection of the aircraft for wear and deterioration, structural damage, fuel leaks, tire wear, and inoperative instruments and equipment, etc. If an unsafe condition exists or inoperative instruments or equipment are found, the pilot uses the guidance in 14 CFR 91.213 for handling the inoperative equipment.
what records or documents should be checked to determine that the owner or operator of an aircraft has complied with all required inspections and airworthiness directives? (14 CFR 91.405)
The maintenance records (aircraft and engine logbook). Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service.
Who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition? (14 CFR 91.403)
The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition.
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