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Oxidative stress
Imbalance between the production of reactive compounds and the bodys ability to protect against their adverse effects
Reduction
The process of gaining an electron during a chemical reaction
Oxidation
The process of losing an electron during a chemical reaction
Free radical
An unstable atom with an unpaired electron in its outermost shell
Antioxidant
-A substance that has the ability to prevent or repair the damage caused by oxidation
-Antioxidants neutralize free radicals so that they can no longer damage molecules like DNA
Chemical damage produced by free radicals have bee linked to
Cancer, kidney disease, atherosclerosis, arthritis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cataracts, emphysema
Enzyme Systems
-Selenium
-Magnesium
-Zinc
-Iron
-Copper
Antioxidant Chemicals
-Vitamins E, C, A
-Vitamin A precursor: carotenoids
-Phytochemical
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)
-The chemical name for some forms of vitamin E -The alpha form is the most potent
Functions:
-Development of central nervous system
-Antioxidant function
-Maintains nervous tissue & immune function
-Development of muscle
Vitamin E as an antioxidant
-Lipids in cell membranes are PUFAS
-Vitamin E donates to electrons or hydrogens to free radicals
-Vitamin E important in areas exposed to increased levels of oxygen: RBCs and lungs
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