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Cell membrane
Separates the contents of the cell and its surroundings. It controls the movement of substances like oxygen, glucose and carbon dioxide into and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm
Where many of the chemical reactions needed to carry out life processes take place. It also contains organelles (tiny structures that carry out specific jobs).
Nucleus
An organelle that contains DNA, which is the genetic material. The nucleus also controls all the activities of the cell.
Mitochondria
Organelles in which respiration occurs (oxygen and glucose react to release energy needed by the cell). They are very tiny and cannot be seen easily through a light microscope at low magnification.
Cell Wall (Plant Cells)
Made of tough cellulose to support the cell and allow it to keep its shape.
Vacuole (Plant Cells)
A space in the cytoplasm that is filled with cell sap and helps to support the plant by keeping the cells rigid.
Chloroplasts (Plant Cells)
Organelles that contain chlorophyll, a green substance that absorbs light energy used in photosynthesis.
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