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Name the three components of nucleotides:
A pentose sugar
A phosphate group
A nitrogen containing organic base
Name the five organic bases that can be found in nucleotides:
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
Adenine guanine
How is a mononucleotide formed?
The pentose sugar, phosphate group and organic base are joined as a result of condensation reactions to form a mono nucleotide
How is a dinucleotide formed?
A dinucleotide can be formed when two mononucleotides are joined in a condensation reaction between the deoxyribose sugar of one mononucleotide and the phosphate group of another
The bond formed is called a phosphodiester bond
Continual linking of mononucleotides form a long chain known as a polynucleotide
Describe the structure of RNA:
It is a single, short polynucleotide chain in which the pentose sugar is always ribose and the organic bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil
What are the functions of RNA?
Transferring genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes
Protein synthesis
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