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Antihistamines: Histamine 1 Drugs
Histamine 1 antagonist commonly referred to as antihistamines
Diphenhydramine
Loratadine
Antihistamines MOA
-block histamine action at H1 receptors
-compete w/histamine for binding at unoccupied receptors
-difficult to push histamine off receptors if bound already
-binding H1 blockers to histamine receptors prevent adverse effects of histamine stimulation
Vasodilation
Increase capillary permeability
Increase GI & respiratory secretions
Antihistamines Drugs: H2 blockers or H2 antagonists
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
Traditional Antihistamines
-Work both peripherally & centrally
-Anticholinergic effects (more effective than nonsedating drugs in some cases)
Traditional Antihistamines: 1st gen
Diphenhydramine (take at night)
Chlorpheniramine
Brompheniramine
Nonsedating/ Peripherally Acting Antihistamines
-Developed to eliminate unwanted adverse effects, mainly sedation
-periphally block actions of histamine, fewer CNS adverse effects
-longer duration of action (increase compliance)
Non-Sedating/Periphally Acting Antihistamines Drugs: 2 gen
More CNS depressants
Take during the day
Fexofenadine
Cetirizine
Oral Decongestants Drugs
Pseudoephedrine
Topical Nasal Decongestants: Adrenergics Drug
Phenylephrine
Topical Nasal Decongestants: Intranasal Steroids
Beclomethasone Dipropionate
Flunisolide
Flucticasone
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