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Parts of the Hyoid Bone :
-Body-Lesser Horn-Greater Horn
1. Lesser Horn
2. Body
3. Greater Horn
Nuchal Ligament
a ligament at the back of the neck that is continuous with the supraspinous ligament
Supraspinous ligament
a ligament found along the vertebral column
C7 Vertebra
-Transverse process
-Transverse foramen
-Articular facets
-Body
-Pedicles
-Lamina
-Spinous process
The C7 vertebra has the longest spinous process and is the first spine that is palpable (called vertebra prominent for this reason).
The spinous process of C7 is not bifid as are those of C2 through C6.
C4 Vertebra
The spinous processes cervical vertebrae C2 through C7 are not palpable due to the presence of the nuchal ligament in the midline extending posteriorly from the cervical spines.
Axis : is it C1 or C2?
The axis has a dens (odontoid process) projecting superiorly from its body.
Atlas : Is it C1 or C2?
The atlas has no body or vertebral spine
The joint between the atlas and the skull, the atlanto-occipital joint, has articular surfaces that are concave and convex, respectively.
The primary movements at this joint are flexion and extension (as in nodding “yes”).
Atlanto-axial joint :
-sites of articulation
The joint between the atlas and the axis
Three sites of articulation:
1. The midline articulation between the anterior arch of the atlas and the dens of the axis allows for rotary movement (as in shaking your head “no”).
2. The two lateral parts of the atlanto-axial joint between the inferior and superior facets allow for flexion, extension and lateral bending, as do the remainder of the joints between the other cervical vertebrae.
Cervical Spine :
-vertebral body
-spinous process
-transverse process
-transverse foramina
-vertebral body
Laryngeal Cartilages :
-thyroid
-cricoid
-epiglottis
-arytenoid
-epiglottis - The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that sits at the base of the tongue that keeps food from going into the trachea (windpipe) during swallowing. It is made of elastic cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx. There are taste buds on the epiglottis.
-arytenoid - a pair of small three-sided pyramids which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are attached. These allow and aid in the vocal cords' movement.
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