term1 Definition1term2 Definition2term3 Definition3
Please sign in to your Google account to access your documents:
Branch of genetics that deals with chromosomes
Cytogenetics
English chemist, X-ray crystallographer – instrumental in the discovery of DNA like Crick and Watson
o used X-ray diffraction to determine the structure of DNA molecules
o Her Photo 51 helped scientists learn more about the three-dimensional structure of DNA and enabled scientists to understand DNA´s role in heredity
Rosalind Franklin
physicist, molecular biologist
o X-ray crystallography equipment 1954 o Assisted the Watson-Crick discovery/establishment of the chemical structure of DNA
Maurice Wilkins
• Linear end-to-end arrangement of genes and other DNA, sometimes with associated proteins and ribonucleic acid
Chromosomes
tip/end of the chromosomes
o made of repetitive sequences of non-coding DNA that protect the chromosome from damage. Each time a cell divides, the ______ become shorter. Eventually, they become so short that the cell can no longer divide
o specific DNA–protein structures found at both ends of each chromosome, protect genome from nucleolytic degradation, unnecessary recombination, repair, and interchromosomal fusion. It therefore play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome.
Telomeres
specialized region DNA on each eukaryotic chromosome that acts as a site for the binding of kinetochore proteins
Centromere
less-condensed chromosomal region, thought to contain most of the normally functioning genes
o defined as the area of the chromosome which is rich in gene concentration and actively participates in the transcription process
o the genetically active region of the chromosome. It contains structural genes that are replicated during G1 and S phase of interphase by allowing polymerases to access the genes
Euchromatin
cytologically dense material that is typically found at centromeres and telomeres. It mostly consists of repetitive DNA sequences and is relatively gene poor. Its most notable property is its ability to silence euchromatic gene expression.
Heterochromatin
Types of chromosomes based on the position of the centromere
- Metacentric
- Submetacentric
- Acrocentric
- Telocentric
same length p and q arms
Metacentric
Need help typing ? See our FAQ (opens in new window)
Please sign in to create this set. We'll bring you back here when you are done.
Discard Changes Sign in
Please sign in to add to folders.
Sign in
Don't have an account? Sign Up »
You have created 2 folders. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders!