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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Types of Combination Inhalers |
Advair Symbicort |
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Types of oral corticosteroids |
Prednisone Prednisolone Methylprednisolone |
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Anti-Leukotrienes |
Block the action of leukotrienes, which cause inflammation and mucus secretion associated with allergies, thus preventing bronchial constriction. E.g: Montelukast sodium (Singulair) |
To reduce some types of airway allergic reactions - NOT for immediate relief |
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Beta-2 Agonist Bronchodilators |
Used for rapid symptom relief.
Ventolin (Salbutamol) |
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Anti-cholinergic bronchodilators |
Promotes smooth muscle relaxation of the bronchi by binding to muscarinic receptors. E.g.: Iptrotropium bromide (atrovent) - Peak effect 30-45 min; lasts 6-8 hours Tiotropium bromide (Flovent) - 24-hr duration; sustained improvements in lung function and reduce frequency of exacerbations |
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Names of inhaled corticosteroids |
Beclomethasone (Beclovent) Fluticasone (Flovent) |
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Symptoms of COPD |
- chronic / persistent cough - increased sputum production - dyspnea - wheezing - chest tightness |
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Medications for COPD management |
LABAs, or Combination ICS and LABAs |
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Medications for COPD exacerbation |
- antibiotics - oral corticosteroids |
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How can COPD lead to pulmonary hypertension? |
Inflammatory changes lead to excessive mucus production, leading to: 1. Chronic obstruction (decreased O2 and increased CO2) 2. Alveolar hypoxia —> RHF and decreased LV output —> fluid retention —> ‘blue bloaters’ |
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Treatment of COPD exacerbations |
1. Supplemental O2 2. Inhaled beta-agonist (SABA) 3. Oral corticosteroids 4. Broad-spectrum antibiotics - Cipro, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline - +/- Macrolide (Azithro, clarithromycin) |
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